localism

Short definition from Wiktionary

Noun

1. 1
   Attachment to a particular local place; feelings or policies which emphasize local phenomena.
2. 2
   A linguistic feature that is unique to a locality.
3. 3
   The belief that language functions are localized to various parts of the brain.
4. 4
   An approach to understanding expressions in terms of position and movement (sometimes abstract, e.g. one who is hungry is in a notional "space" of hunger).