perfect pitch

Short definition from Wiktionary

Noun

1. 1
   The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.
2. 2
   By extension, a reliable innate sense of exactly what is true, appropriate, or needed in a given particular situation.
3. 3
   The exact pitch of a note, described by its frequency in vibrations per second.