Poland
- 1A country in Central Europe, officially the Republic of Poland, with its capital and largest city at Warsaw.
Poland joined the European Union in 2004.
Tourists flock to Poland to see the medieval old town of Kraków.
Note
The name is Slavic at its root. It comes from Proto-Slavic *poľe and the suffixed form *poľaninъ, and it reached English through German Pole. In English prose the country often takes a political epithet. Richard Nixon's memoirs (1978) call it one of the "captive nations," and Bill Clinton's My Life (2005) speaks of "free Poland." An adjective placed before the name usually dates the sentence to an era.
- 2A surname.
- 3A town in Androscoggin County, Maine.
- 4A village and township in Mahoning County, Ohio.
- 5A town in Chautauqua County, New York.
- 6A village in Herkimer County, New York.
- 7An unincorporated community in Cass Township, Clay County, Indiana.
- 8An unincorporated community in Eaton, Brown County, Wisconsin.
- 9A village on Kiritimati, Kiribati, named after the home country of a plantation manager.
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Origin
First recorded in the 1560s, from Pole + land, formed as a phono-semantic matching of German Polen ("Poland"). This traces back to Old Polish Polanie ("Poles," literally "field dwellers"), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, from *poľe ("field"), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- ("flat, wide").