salt
Pluralsalts
Pluralsalts
- 1A common substance consisting mainly of sodium chloride, used to season and preserve food.
The recipe calls for a pinch of salt and freshly ground pepper.
Coastal towns once traded salt as a valuable commodity.
UsageUsually no article: add salt, a pinch of salt. The usual pairing is salt and pepper.
Note
Arthur Herbert Church's phrase 'common salt, chloride of sodium' gives the chemist's name; table salt, rock salt and road salt name it by use or source.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Arthur Herbert Church used the phrase 'common salt, chloride of sodium'. en.wiktionary.org
- Chloride of sodium is the chemical name for common salt. en.wiktionary.org
- 2To add salt to food or another substance.
Always salt the meat about an hour before cooking it.
She salted the broth until it finally tasted right.
UsageFor preserving, people also say salt down. The participle gives salted butter and salted peanuts.
Similarseason
Note
The everyday transitive verb takes almost any object that gets salt put on it, from fish and pork to city streets in winter. Its past form salted doubles as an adjective and competes with the 'cured' adjective: salt beef or salted beef.
- 3Of water, containing dissolved salt; saline.
They could not drink the salt water despite their thirst.
Salt spray coated the windows of the seaside cottage.
UsageCommon before nouns: salt water, salt spray. For how food tastes, say salty: the soup is salty.
Similarsaline, salty, briny, brackish
Oppositefresh
Note
An adjective that sits as easily after the verb as before the noun. The title 'Why the Sea is Salt' uses it that way, as does Marcus Clarke's For the Term of His Natural Life (1874), where river water 'will be found salt' twelve miles up from the bar.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- The title 'Why the Sea is Salt' exists and uses 'salt' after the verb. en.wikisource.org
- Marcus Clarke wrote For the Term of His Natural Life. gutenberg.org
- The novel's first book publication was in 1874, originally titled His Natural Life. latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au
- The novel's narrator describes the Gordon's water as 'will be found salt' for twelve miles upstream from the bar. gutenberg.org
- 4A compound formed when an acid reacts with a base, with a positive ion replacing a hydrogen of the acid.
Each salt consists of a cation and an anion held together by ionic bonds.
Neutralizing sulfuric acid with potassium hydroxide produces water and a salt called potassium sulfate.
Note
Chemistry widens the word from one substance to a whole class: any compound made when an acid and a base neutralize each other, with a metal or ammonium ion taking the acid's hydrogen. In this view kitchen salt is one salt among many.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- In chemistry, salts constitute a class of compounds. openstax.org
- Acid–base neutralization forms salts. openstax.org
- In the stated acid–base sense, a metal or ammonium cation replaces the acid's hydrogen in the salt. openstax.org
- Kitchen salt, sodium chloride, is one member of the chemical class of salts. openstax.org
- 5
- 6Having to do with salt deposits, mining, processing, or use.
Geologists mapped the region's salt formations in detail.
The museum displays tools from the area's salt industry.
- 7Skepticism combined with common sense; a wary, doubting attitude toward claims.
Seasoned reporters learn to read the glowing numbers in a company's press release with a grain of salt.
After years of missed deadlines, the team takes every launch date the manager announces with a grain of salt.
UsageMost often in take something with a grain of salt, or a pinch of salt.
Similarskepticism, wariness, caution, doubt
Oppositecredulity, gullibility
Note
Writers stretch the measure for effect, so a politician whose claims need 'a whole shaker of salt' deserves far more doubt than usual. The joke works by enlarging the dose while keeping the idiom recognizable.
- 8A salt used as a medicine, usually in the plural, such as Epsom salts taken as a laxative.
Note
A historical medicine-chest use, and usually a plural one. Epsom salts names the remedy even though it is a single substance, magnesium sulfate. The bare phrase a dose of salts now sounds old-fashioned, but Epsom salts are still sold as a laxative and for baths.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Epsom salts have historically been used as medicine. uwaterloo.ca
- Epsom salts are a single chemical substance, magnesium sulfate, specifically its heptahydrate. en.wikipedia.org
- Epsom salts are still marketed as a laxative. dailymed.nlm.nih.gov
- Epsom salts are marketed for use in baths. dailymed.nlm.nih.gov
Less common meanings
- 9Bitter, often petty resentment or indignation, especially shown online after a loss or slight.
The losing team's fans flooded the comments with salt after the final whistle.
His post about losing the tournament was full of salt and sour grapes.
UsageOften in full of salt or a lot of salt; the adjective salty is also very common.
Similartears, bitterness, indignation, outrage, bile
Note
Online argument has its own seasoning: here the word means the tears and fury of people who feel wronged, as in 'so much salt in that thread'.
- 10A coastal marsh flooded by saline water at the shore of the sea.
Similarmarsh
Note
A rare noun that works as a short form of salt marsh. It is countable, so the plural salts can name a whole stretch of such ground. In most writing the full phrase is clearer: salt marsh, built on the 'sea-flooded' adjective, is the form readers expect.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- Salt marsh uses the adjective salt meaning flooded by the sea. en.wiktionary.org
- 11Of land or plants: flooded by the sea, or growing in the sea or on ground the sea floods.
At high tide the sea covers the salt marshes, and only plants that tolerate brine can grow there.
Generations of farmers built dikes to turn the salt meadows along the coast into dry farmland.
UsageMostly in compounds: salt marsh, salt meadow.
- 12To add small amounts or single examples of something throughout a larger whole, often to give it a particular quality.
The director salts the film with subtle nods to earlier works.
Writers often salt their dialogue with regional slang.
UsageUsually with with: salt a speech with jokes; often passive: salted with slang.
Similarpepper, sprinkle, season, spice, lace
Note
A movement 'salted with Nixonites', in Ronnie Allen's 1976 phrase, is shot through with a few of them, not made of them. The image is of scattered grains, so the word suits small, distributed additions.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Ronnie Allen used 'salted with Nixonites' in 1976, referring to Libertarians. en.wiktionary.org
- 13A sailor, especially an experienced one (often old salt).
A weathered old salt mended nets by the harbor wall.
Grandpa, an old salt who spent forty years on fishing boats, could predict a squall just by smelling the wind.
Similarsailor, seaman, mariner, seafarer, tar
Oppositelandlubber
Note
Sailors' slang with a literary pedigree. Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter (1850) has clusters of 'old salts' gossiping around the doors of waterfront shops, and Melville's narrator in Moby-Dick (1851) calls himself 'something of a salt'.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- 'Salt' meaning sailor is slang. en.wiktionary.org
- Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote The Scarlet Letter, first published in 1850. en.wikipedia.org
- The Scarlet Letter describes clusters of 'old salts' gossiping around waterfront shop doors. gutenberg.org
- Herman Melville wrote Moby-Dick. gutenberg.org
- Moby-Dick was first published in 1851. en.wikipedia.org
- The narrator describes himself using the exact words 'something of a salt'. gutenberg.org
- 14To scatter salt over conquered or destroyed land as a symbolic curse meant to keep it from being lived on again.
The victorious army salted the ground around the ruined city.
Legend says conquerors would salt the earth so no one could resettle it.
UsageBest known as salt the earth or salt the ground.
Note
Conquest's curse in a single verb. Land is salted so that it will be useless and never lived on again, and the act works as a symbol as much as a practical ruin. It can fall on property as well as fields: the houses of José Mascarenhas were razed and salted. The same idea of rendering a thing useless carries into the wiki use.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Salting destroyed land symbolized a curse intended to prevent renewed habitation. en.wikipedia.org
- José Mascarenhas's houses were razed and their site salted. arquivomunicipal.lisboa.pt
- 15To secretly put something into a place or collection, such as ore in a mine, fake finds at a dig, or decoy entries in a list, so it seems different than it is.
Swindlers salt worthless claims to fool eager investors.
He had salted the diggings with imported ore before the assayers arrived.
UsageUsually of mines and claims: salt a mine, a salted claim.
Similardoctor
Note
Behind this verb is a wider idea: inserting something into an object to give it properties it would not naturally have. In mining, that means blasting metal into barren rock so that a seam looks productive. The object is the mine, the claim or the diggings, and the swindle's product is a salted mine.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Mine salting can involve blasting metal into rock to make it appear productive. en.wiktionary.org
- Mine salting is a fraud intended to exaggerate a deposit's productivity or value. en.wikipedia.org
- 16Of a saline solution, to leave behind deposits of salt as it dries.
Note
Here the solution itself does the work. The verb is intransitive, so brine salts with no object as it gives up its dissolved salt. Compare the everyday 'add salt' verb, where a cook salts something. Its natural subjects are brines and springs, and it pairs easily with words of process: begins to salt, salts as it dries.
- 17A small dish or cellar for holding salt at the table.
I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver salts.
1664, Samuel Pepys, Mynors BrightNote
Table furniture rather than seasoning: in 1664 Samuel Pepys went out and bought 'a dozen of silver salts'. The noun is countable here, which sets it apart from the substance on the same table, and the dish could be grand enough to be made of silver. Today the object is a salt cellar. The short form appears in phrases about sitting above or below the salt.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- In 1664 Samuel Pepys bought twelve silver salt cellars and described them as 'a dozen of silver salts'. gutenberg.org
- Salt cellars could be elaborate objects made of silver. en.wikipedia.org
- 18Flavor or taste; the seasoning quality that gives food its savor.
Note
An obsolete use where the word meant savor in general, not the mineral. Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor gives it a human turn: Justice Shallow, speaking for justices, doctors and churchmen, says 'we have some salt of our youth in us', meaning a lingering relish for life. A modern reader may hear wit instead, but that is the 'piquancy' meaning, a close neighbor.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- Salt had an obsolete sense meaning flavor or savor generally. en.wiktionary.org
- William Shakespeare wrote The Merry Wives of Windsor. gutenberg.org
- The play contains the quoted words. gutenberg.org
- Justice Shallow speaks the line to Master Page in Act II, scene III, referring collectively to the professions. gutenberg.org
- The quotation figuratively describes something of youth surviving into age. en.wiktionary.org
- Salt also has a distinct historical sense referring to piquancy or wit. en.wiktionary.org
- 19Piquancy, wit, or keen sharpness of expression in speech or writing.
Note
Wit with a bite, now obsolete as a free-standing noun. Its best-known setting is the phrase Attic salt, the elegant sharpness associated with Athens. The 'savor' meaning is about flavor in general, while this one is about the sting of a remark. In modern prose, use the full phrase; the bare noun reads as archaic.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- Salt has a historical sense meaning piquancy or wit. en.wiktionary.org
- Attic salt means pointed, delicate wit. en.wiktionary.org
- Attic salt is associated with Athens. en.wikipedia.org
- 20Bitter, sharp, or pungent, whether in taste or in tone.
Note
An obsolete sharpness of feeling rather than of taste. In Shakespeare's Othello a speaker complains of 'a salt and sorry rheum', a stinging, wretched watering of the eyes or nose, with salt standing beside sorry as a word for discomfort. In older verse, read it as 'bitter' or 'smarting', not as a remark about seasoning.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- Salt has an obsolete figurative sense meaning bitter, sharp, or pungent. en.wiktionary.org
- Shakespeare's Othello contains the exact phrase quoted; the speaker is Othello. folger.edu
- Rheum refers to discharge from the eyes or nose. en.wikipedia.org
- Sorry can describe something pitiful or regrettable, supporting the gloss 'wretched'. en.wiktionary.org
- Bitter or smarting is an appropriate interpretation of this obsolete sense. en.wiktionary.org
- 21Costly or expensive; charged at a steep price.
Note
Price talk from an earlier, informal English: a bill or a fee could be called salt, much as one now calls it steep. The use is archaic, so today it reads as a period touch. It adds color to dialogue set in the past. In present-day writing, choose expensive or steep, which no one will mistake for a comment on taste.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- Salt historically meant costly or expensive in informal English, so it could describe an expensive bill or fee. en.wiktionary.org
- 22Lustful, lecherous, or salacious; of animals, in heat.
It is impossible you should see this, / Were they as prime as goats, as hot as monkeys, / As salt as wolves in pride, and fools as gross / As ignorance made drunk.
c. 1603, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”Note
An obsolete figurative use that modern readers easily miss: the word meant lustful and, of animals, in heat. Shakespeare's Othello sets it among goats and monkeys, 'as salt as wolves in pride'. Thomas Urquhart's 1653 translation of Rabelais speaks of 'a proud or salt bitch'. Both pair it with pride or proud, a clue to read it sexually.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- Salt had an obsolete figurative meaning of lustful or, for animals, in heat. en.wiktionary.org
- Shakespeare's Othello contains the quoted words alongside references to goats and monkeys; Iago speaks them. folger.edu
- Thomas Urquhart translated the relevant books of Rabelais, first published in English in 1653. gutenberg.org
- Urquhart's translation contains the exact phrase 'a proud or salt bitch'. en.wiktionary.org
- The Shakespeare passage pairs salt with pride, which historically could mean sexual desire or heat. en.wiktionary.org
- The Rabelais passage pairs salt with proud, which historically could mean sexually excited or in heat. en.wiktionary.org
- 23To make a weapon, nuclear or conventional, emit more radiation by mixing in particular chemical elements.
- 24A random value combined with a password or other data before it is hashed, so identical passwords give different hashes and precomputed guesses fail.
- 25To add a random value to data such as a password before hashing it, so that identical inputs give different results.
- 26To lock a page title on a wiki so that the page cannot be created.
- 27A person who takes a job at a company specifically to help organize a union there once hired.
- 28To pack salt between the timbers and planks of a wooden ship to preserve the wood from decay.
- 29Money collected from passersby by Eton College boys during the montem, an old school procession.
- 30A jump, bound, or prancing movement.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origin
Proto-Indo-European "*séh₂ls" ("salt") is the ultimate source. It led to Proto-Germanic "*saltą" and Proto-West Germanic "*salt," then to Old English "sealt" and Middle English "salt." "Sal," from Latin "sāl" ("salt"), is a doublet.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls, meaning “salt,” is the ultimate source; this is an accepted alternative reconstruction. en.wiktionary.org
- The descent runs through Proto-Germanic *saltą, Proto-West Germanic *salt, Old English sealt, and Middle English salt. en.wiktionary.org
- English sal derives from Latin sāl, meaning “salt,” and is a doublet of salt. en.wiktionary.org