flow
Noun pluralflows
Pluralflows
- 1To run or stream from one point to another in the manner of a fluid.
Streams flow down from the melting glaciers each spring.
The water flowed steadily through the narrow channel.
UsageThe past tense and past participle are flowed (not
incorrect: flown). Usually with a direction: flow into, flow through, flow down. - 2The steady, continuous movement of a liquid, gas, or something pictured as flowing, such as people, traffic, or information.
The steady flow of the mountain stream powered the old mill.
The flow of conversation slowed when the topic turned serious.
UsageUsually a flow of or the flow of something: the flow of traffic, a flow of ideas.
Note
The American novelist Winston Churchill's The Celebrity (1898) has a man scolding "with such a loud flow of words." Speech, traffic, money and ideas all flow as readily as water does.
- 3The quantity of fluid that moves, or the rate at which fluid moves past a point.
The meter records the flow through the pipe in liters per minute.
After weeks without rain, the creek's flow was down to a few gallons a minute.
Similarcirculation, discharge
- 4To proceed or fit together smoothly, gracefully, or without interruption.
Good transitions help paragraphs flow into one another.
The melody flowed seamlessly into the next song.
UsageOften in the negative about writing: it doesn't flow. Parts flow into one another.
Similarblend, merge, segue, glide
Note
The participle flowing serves as an adjective of praise for verse, as when Dryden's translation of Virgil (1697) calls the poet "sweet and flowing in his hexameters."
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- John Dryden's translation of Virgil was first published in 1697. en.wikisource.org
- Dryden calls Virgil 'sweet and flowing in his hexameters.' en.wikisource.org
- 5A smooth, continuous quality, especially in movement, writing, or speech.
The essay lacked flow, jumping awkwardly between unrelated ideas.
Her speech had a graceful flow that held the audience.
Similarfluency, fluidity, rhythm, continuity, coherence
- 6To proceed or issue forth from a source; to emanate.
Confidence seemed to flow from every word he spoke.
Benefits flowed from the new agreement almost immediately.
UsageUsually with from naming the source: benefits flow from the agreement.
Similaremanate, stem, spring, issue, arise
Note
Here nothing liquid moves. What travels is wealth, courtesy or consequence, and the verb nearly always takes from to name where it begins: wealth flows from industry. Milton writes in Paradise Lost (1667) of "those thousand decencies that daily flow / From all her words and actions."
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- John Milton wrote Paradise Lost, first published in 1667. christs.cam.ac.uk
- The quoted words occur in Milton's Paradise Lost; Adam is the character speaking. gutenberg.org
- The quotation reproduces the poem's wording. gutenberg.org
- 7The sequence of steps or screens in a piece of software that a user or the program goes through to complete a task, such as signing up or paying.
The team redesigned the onboarding flow to reduce drop-offs.
Each error in the payment flow was logged for review.
UsageUsually after a word naming the task: login flow, signup flow, payment flow.
Note
Software teams name a flow after the task it serves: a login flow, a search flow, a signup flow. It covers the path a user takes through the steps as much as the program's own logic, and tracking how people move through a multi-step flow is routine work.
- 8The ability to rap skillfully and smoothly in time with a beat.
His flow rides the beat so smoothly that every line lands perfectly.
Critics praised her flow on the album's opening track.
UsageUsually with a possessive: his flow, her flow.
Note
Rap's own word for delivery: how a rapper's words ride the beat, judged apart from the production behind them. A mixtape can have mediocre beats and a flow that is "on point." It is a possessive word (my flow, his flow), and 50 Cent's "In da Club" (2003) uses it as a boast alongside style.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- “In da Club” is a song by 50 Cent released in 2003. en.wikipedia.org
- 50 Cent uses flow as a boast alongside style in “In da Club.” en.wiktionary.org
- 9To hang loosely and wave, as hair or fabric moves in the wind.
The bride's veil flowed behind her down the aisle.
Loose robes flow around the dancers as they spin.
UsageMost familiar as flowing before a noun: flowing hair, a flowing robe.
Similarbillow, stream, trail, swirl, flutter
Note
Hair and cloth are what move in this sense, and they move without going anywhere. Alexander Hamilton, writing as Publius in The Federalist (1788), pictures "the imperial purple flowing in his train." There the word adds grandeur as well as motion.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Alexander Hamilton wrote the relevant Federalist essay in 1788. guides.loc.gov
- Hamilton used the name Publius for this essay. guides.loc.gov
- The essay contains the quoted wording. guides.loc.gov
Less common meanings
- 10A mental state marked by deep concentration, focus, and enjoyment while doing a task.
Athletes often describe a sense of flow when everything clicks during competition.
She reached a deep flow while coding and finished hours later.
UsageOften without an article: enter flow, experience flow, a state of flow.
Similarabsorption, immersion
Note
A psychologist's coinage rather than a drift of everyday speech: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi named this state in 1975. Its appeal is double. The state is enjoyable, and entering it is said to improve performance, which is why sports writing is fond of it.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi coined the psychological term flow. cgu.edu
- The psychological concept was introduced in 1975. en.wikipedia.org
- Flow is enjoyable. files.blogs.baruch.cuny.edu
- Entering flow is said to improve performance. en.wiktionary.org
- 11
- 12Of a place or vessel, to have something in great abundance, as if full to overflowing; usually followed by with.
During the harvest, the valley flows with wine and oil.
The early settlers hoped to find a land flowing with milk and honey.
UsageBest known in the set phrase a land flowing with milk and honey.
Similarabound, overflow, teem, brim
Note
The construction is flow with, and its classic home is biblical: the King James Bible of 1611 promises that "the hils shall flow with milke." John Wilson's essay on Robert Burns keeps the sense in "the flowing bowl," a cup of drink filled to the brim.
- 13To let a liquid run or move freely.
Technicians flow coolant through the system before startup.
The valve flows oil into the chamber at a steady rate.
Similarpump, run, feed, circulate
Note
A causative use from the oil field, where the liquid becomes the object of the verb. Carl Ernest Reistle's Paraffin and Congealing-Oil Problems (1932) describes how "a certain amount of oil is flowed from the tubing." Its intransitive partner is the ordinary fluid verb, which the same sentence uses a moment later.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Reistle wrote Paraffin and Congealing-Oil Problems. govinfo.gov
- The author's full name was Carl Ernest Reistle, Jr. aimehq.org
- The report was first published in 1932, as recorded in the contemporary government publications catalogue. govinfo.gov
- The report contains the quoted passive causative use concerning oil production. en.wiktionary.org
- The same sentence subsequently uses flow intransitively. en.wiktionary.org
- 14
- 15Of the tide, to rise and move inland, the opposite of ebbing.
Twice a day the tide flows, lifting the moored boats higher.
Small boats can cross the sandbar only once the tide starts to flow.
UsageIn everyday speech the tide comes in. Set phrase: ebb and flow.
Oppositeebb
Note
The verb is defined by its partner: the tide flows as it rises and ebbs as it falls, usually twice in a day. Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 2 marks a portent with a river that "hath thrice flowed, no ebb between."
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Flow describes the rising tide, and ebb describes the falling tide. noaa.gov
- This commonly happens twice daily, but some places have only one high and one low tide per lunar day. oceanservice.noaa.gov
- Henry IV, Part 2 is a play by Shakespeare. folger.edu
- The quoted wording occurs in the play as a portent; Thomas of Clarence speaks it. folger.edu
- 16To reflow text, in a word processor or similar program, so that its lines wrap tidily within a set area.
Editors flow long passages into the template before printing.
The software flows the manuscript into the new layout automatically.
UsageYou flow text into a template or layout.
Note
Typesetting borrowed the liquid picture: text is poured into a space and takes its shape. Compare the "move smoothly" sense, which is intransitive and describes how prose reads, not where it sits on the page.
- 17To discharge an excessive amount of blood from the uterus.
- 18To cover something with water or another liquid; to flood or inundate it.
- 19In mathematics, a formalization of the motion of particles in a fluid, described as a group action of the real numbers on a set.
- 20The pipe that carries liquid away from a boiler or other central plant, as opposed to the return pipe that brings it back.
- 21To coat or cover a surface with varnish.
- 22A bog or mire, especially a rough, waterlogged stretch of ground.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origins
This noun grew out of the verb in Middle English, where it was flowe. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi gave it its psychology sense, a "state of focus," in 1975.
From Middle English flowen, from Old English flōwan ("to flow"), going back through Proto-West Germanic and Proto-Germanic to the Proto-Indo-European root *plew- ("to fly, flow, run"). It is related to Dutch vloeien and West Frisian floeie, and to English float, but despite the similarity it is not related to Latin fluō.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 8 facts
- The verb descends through Middle English flowen and Old English flōwan from Proto-West Germanic and Proto-Germanic. en.wiktionary.org
- Old English flōwan means 'to flow'. en.wiktionary.org
- The Germanic ancestor is traced to the Proto-Indo-European root *plew-. en.wiktionary.org
- The reconstructed root *plew- means 'to fly, flow, run'. en.wiktionary.org
- Dutch vloeien is related through a shared Germanic ancestor. en.wiktionary.org
- West Frisian floeie is related through the same Germanic ancestor. en.wiktionary.org
- English float is etymologically related. en.wiktionary.org
- Latin fluō is not cognate with English flow. en.wiktionary.org