hell
Noun pluralhells
Pluralhells
- 1In many religions, the place of torment where some or all sinners are believed to go after death and where evil spirits are believed to dwell.
The preacher warned that unrepentant sinners would spend eternity in hell.
In the old painting, demons drag the damned down into hell while angels look on from above.
UsageTakes no article: sinners go to hell. Go to hell! is also a rude way to dismiss someone.
Note
Writers sometimes capitalize it, especially beside its opposite, as Milton does in Paradise Lost (1667): "Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven." Suffering in this life is the same torment brought into the world of the living.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- John Milton wrote Paradise Lost. en.wikipedia.org
- Paradise Lost was first published in 1667. extra.shu.ac.uk
- The quotation reproduces Milton's line with modernized spelling and punctuation; Hell is capitalized. Satan speaks the line in the poem. en.wikisource.org
- 2An intensifier inserted into questions and exclamations that grammatically call for a noun, adding force or exasperation.
Where the hell did I leave my keys?
Get the hell out of my kitchen right now.
UsageIn frames like where the hell, what the hell and get the hell out. Avoid it in polite or formal settings.
Similarheck, devil, blazes, dickens
Note
Here the word fills a noun slot purely for force, and some listeners hear it as vulgar. It sits in fixed frames: what the hell, mad as hell, just for the hell of it, which Neal Stephenson's Snow Crash (1992) uses to mean simply "on a whim." The retort like hell he is works differently. Placed before a clause, like hell does not intensify but flatly denies, so the speaker means "he is not."
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Neal Stephenson wrote Snow Crash, first published in 1992. burnsiderarebooks.com
- Snow Crash uses “just for the hell of it” to mean “on a whim.” en.wiktionary.org
- 3A place or situation of intense and prolonged suffering, such as misery, fear or unbearable heat.
The refugees endured a hell of hunger and fear in the camps.
Recovering from the accident was sheer hell.
UsageCommon in go through hell, sheer hell and a living hell.
Similartorment, nightmare, agony, misery, ordeal
Oppositeheaven, paradise, bliss
Note
Any ordeal can be called a hell, and General William T. Sherman told a crowd in Columbus, Ohio, in 1880 that war "is all hell." Programmers have made it a suffix of exasperation for code tangled past bearing: callback hell, <div> hell.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Sherman addressed a crowd in Columbus, Ohio, in 1880. en.wikipedia.org
- General William Tecumseh Sherman described war using the words is all hell. columbuslibrary.omeka.net
- 4A variant of the hell or like hell, mainly British, placed after an auxiliary verb and its subject to deny something scornfully: 'Did he hell.'
He promised to pay me back by Friday. Did he hell, and I'm still waiting.
"Surely she'll apologize now." "Will she hell. She never admits she was wrong."
Note
Placed after the verb, it turns a sentence into a scornful denial. Stephen Fry's The Liar (1991) has "Did he hell": an inverted question that means he certainly did not. It works like the "like hell he is" retort, except that the word follows the auxiliary and its subject instead of leading.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Stephen Fry wrote The Liar, first published in 1991. en.wikipedia.org
- The Liar contains the exact words "Did he hell", expressing a denial. en.wiktionary.org
- 5An exclamation used to express anger, frustration or surprise, or to add emphasis, often to make a statement stronger than the one before.
Hell, that climb was steeper than anything we'd ever attempted.
Are we ready to win this? Hell, yes.
UsageCommon in hell yes and hell yeah, to agree strongly.
- 6Very; extremely, used to intensify an adjective or adverb.
The new place is hell expensive but worth every penny.
She drove hell fast down the empty highway.
UsageGoes straight before the adjective, with no the or like: hell expensive, hell good.
Similarreally, very, super, extremely, damn
Note
It does the work of very but hits much harder. Hella does the same job.
- 7
Less common meanings
- 8To move very fast and recklessly, often noisily.
Teenagers hell up and down this road on dirt bikes every weekend.
She came helling down the driveway on her motorcycle.
Similarrace, tear, speed, zoom, barrel
Note
Speed with a curse in it: William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury (1929) complains that she "had to come helling in there." Notice the shape. A present participle follows come, and a direction word such as in completes it. The verb pairs naturally with words of direction, and it stays colloquial and sometimes vulgar.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- William Faulkner wrote The Sound and the Fury. en.wikisource.org
- The Sound and the Fury was first published in 1929. captainahabsrarebooks.com
- The novel contains the exact words "had to come helling in there." The complaint belongs to its narrator Jason Compson. en.wikisource.org
- In the quotation, the present participle helling follows come, with directional in. en.wikisource.org
- 9To make a place hellish, or to cast a person into hell.
Similardamn, doom, ravage, devastate
Note
The spelling hides three different verbs. This one is the noun turned into a verb, with the forms helled and helling. Two unrelated words look exactly the same: the metalworker's word for burnishing, borrowed from German, and the old verb meaning "pour", from Old Norse. Read helled in context, because it may mean ruined, polished or poured.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- Hell represents three verbs with distinct etymologies. en.wiktionary.org
- The verb meaning to make hellish or place someone in hell derives from the noun hell. en.wiktionary.org
- The past tense and past participle are helled; the present participle is helling. en.wiktionary.org
- The metalworking verb means to burnish and comes from German hellen. en.wiktionary.org
- The old verb meaning pour comes through Middle English hellen from Old Norse hella. en.wiktionary.org
- Depending on which verb is intended, helled can mean made hellish, burnished, or poured. en.wiktionary.org
- 10
- 11A place where gambling is carried on.
By midnight, the gaming hell in St. James's was crowded with young gentlemen playing hazard.
She inherited a fortune and lost most of it in a fashionable hell.
Similarcasino
Note
Novelists from Thackeray to Conrad used it for the gaming house, often in the compound gambling hell. William Black writes of "a convenient little gambling hell" in Green Pastures and Piccadilly (1877). Joseph Conrad's The Secret Agent (1907) sets keepers of gambling hells beside keepers of disorderly houses. On its own it also appears in the plural, as when a character in Thackeray's Pendennis warns against losing money "at the hells."
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- Novelists including Thackeray and Conrad used hell to mean a gambling house. en.wiktionary.org
- William Black wrote Green Pastures and Piccadilly, first published in 1877. static-prod.lib.princeton.edu
- Green Pastures and Piccadilly contains the words "a convenient little gambling hell". en.wiktionary.org
- The first book edition appeared in 1907. American serialization ran from October 1906 to January 1907. upload.wikimedia.org
- The Secret Agent places keepers of gambling hells alongside keepers of disorderly houses. gutenberg.org
- The words occur in Thackeray's The History of Pendennis, chapter 61, but the warning is spoken by Altamont to Sir Francis Clavering. online-literature.com
- 12The receptacle into which a tailor throws fabric scraps, or a printer discards broken type.
This sturdy Squire, he had, as well As the bold Trojan Knight, seen Hell.
1662, [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”Note
Two trades once gave their scrap bins this grim name: the tailor threw his shreds into hell, and the printer threw his broken type there. Samuel Butler's Hudibras puns on it when its sturdy squire, like the bold Trojan knight, has "seen Hell."
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Tailors and printers historically called their scrap receptacles hell. en.wiktionary.org
- Samuel Butler wrote Hudibras. gutenberg.org
- The narrator describes the sturdy squire as having "seen Hell," like the bold Trojan knight. gutenberg.org
- The Hudibras passage puns on the tailor's meaning of hell. gutenberg.org
- 13To add luster to metal; to burnish silver or gold to a shine.
To hell gold or gilt workː take two ounces of tartar, two ounces of sulfur.. and it will give it a fine luster.
1770, Godfrey Smith, The LaboratorySimilarburnish, polish, shine, buff
Note
A metalworker's term from a different word altogether: German hellen, "to brighten, burnish," related to German hell, "clear, bright." Godfrey Smith's The Laboratory, or School of Arts, gives a recipe "to hell gold or gilt work" using tartar and sulfur for a fine luster.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- The metalworking verb has a separate origin in German hellen, meaning to brighten or burnish, related to German hell, meaning clear or bright. en.wiktionary.org
- Godfrey Smith compiled The Laboratory, or School of Arts. wellcomecollection.org
- The book contains the quoted instruction and a recipe using tartar and sulfur to produce a fine luster. en.wiktionary.org
- 14To pour out a quantity of liquid, often tipping it out vigorously.
Similarpour, slosh, tip, dump, empty
Note
Another separate word, this one comes from Old Norse hella, "to pour." Its cousins are Icelandic hella, Norwegian helle and Swedish hälla, and English hield is related. Josiah Relph's The Harvest uses it in a regional spelling, when a sickle cuts a hand: "Down hell'd the bluid."
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- The pouring verb has a separate origin, from Old Norse hella through Middle English hellen. en.wiktionary.org
- Icelandic hella, Norwegian helle and Swedish hälla are cognates. en.wiktionary.org
- English hield is related. en.wiktionary.org
- Josiah Relph wrote the poem referred to as The Harvest. gredos.usal.es
- The poem uses the regional form hell'd in the quoted words, describing blood flowing after a sickle cuts the speaker's hand. gredos.usal.es
Showing meanings only.
More uses
- hell of aused to say something is very good, big or bad, as in a hell of a game
Practice
Can you tell the meanings of hell apart? Answer 3 quick questions from this page, or write your own sentence and AI will check it.
Origins
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, going back to Proto-Germanic *haljō ("concealed place, netherworld") and the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- ("to cover, conceal"). It is related to Dutch hel, German Hölle, and the Hel of Germanic mythology.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- English hell descends through Middle English helle from Old English hell. en.wiktionary.org
- The word ultimately descends from Proto-Germanic *haljō, meaning concealed place or netherworld. en.wikipedia.org
- The ultimate Indo-European root is *ḱel-, meaning to cover or conceal. en.wiktionary.org
- English hell is related to Dutch hel and German Hölle. en.wiktionary.org
- English hell is related to the mythological name Hel. en.wiktionary.org
The German verb hellen, "to brighten, burnish," is the source. It is related to the adjectives hel in Dutch and hell in German, both meaning "clear, bright."
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The metalworking verb hell comes from German hellen, meaning “to brighten, burnish.” en.wiktionary.org
- It is related to Dutch hel and German hell, both adjectives meaning “clear, bright.” en.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- ("to lean, incline") lies behind Proto-Germanic *halþijaną, meaning "to incline, tip, pour out," which gave Old Norse hella ("to pour") and then Middle English hellen. Icelandic hella, Norwegian helle, and Swedish hälla, which all mean "to pour," are cognates.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 8 facts
- Proto-Germanic *halþijaną derives ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-, meaning 'to lean, incline'. en.wiktionary.org
- Proto-Germanic *halþijaną meant 'to incline, tip, pour out' and is the ancestor of Old Norse hella. en.wiktionary.org
- Middle English hellen derives from Old Norse hella. en.wiktionary.org
- Old Norse hella meant 'to pour'; Icelandic hella means 'to pour' and belongs to the same etymological family. en.wiktionary.org
- Icelandic hella, Norwegian helle, and Swedish hälla are related through Old Norse hella. en.wiktionary.org
- Icelandic hella means 'to pour'. en.wiktionary.org
- Norwegian helle means 'to pour'. en.wiktionary.org
- Swedish hälla means 'to pour'. en.wiktionary.org