mess
Pluralmesses
Pluralmesses
- 1A disorganized, dirty, or untidy state of things; by extension, a difficult or bad situation.
The flooding left the basement in a complete mess.
Their finances were in such a mess that bankruptcy seemed unavoidable.
UsageCommon in make a mess, in a mess, make a mess of something; for the dirt itself, mess all over the floor.
- 2To throw into disarray or spoil something completely.
One careless edit can mess up a whole spreadsheet, and putting the columns back in order takes hours.
A gust of wind messed her hair just before the photo was taken.
UsageMuch more common as mess up: mess up a room, messed up her hair.
- 3
- 4A person overwhelmed by emotional turmoil; an emotional wreck.
Grief had turned him into a mess who couldn't focus on anything.
By finals week she was an anxious mess running on no sleep.
UsageUsually with a and often an adjective: a complete mess, an anxious mess; I'm a mess.
Similarwreck
Note
Here the disorder has moved inside a person. Saying I'm a mess describes someone who cannot hold together, worn down by pain or depression.
- 5A room or building in which a communal meal is served, especially for military personnel.
After the drill, the recruits filed into the mess for a hot meal.
The officers' mess stayed open late on celebration nights.
UsageOften preceded by the group or place: the officers' mess, the sergeants' mess, the ship's mess.
Similarcanteen, cafeteria, refectory
Note
The place takes its name from the people who eat in it. The armed forces are not its only users: Anthony Burgess's Time for a Tiger (1956) describes a police mess that had once been a maternity home, now faded and peeling.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Anthony Burgess wrote Time for a Tiger, first published in 1956. anthonyburgess.org
- The novel describes a police mess formerly used as a maternity home and subsequently faded and peeling. en.wiktionary.org
- 6A large quantity or number of something.
Grandma fried up a whole mess of catfish for the family reunion.
We've got a mess of chores to finish before sundown.
UsageUsually a mess of or a whole mess of: a whole mess of catfish.
Similarlot, load, heap, bunch, slew
Note
Daffy Duck spots "a whole mess of Messerschmitts!" in Daffy the Commando (1943).
Less common meanings
- 7A group of people who regularly eat together and have their food prepared in common, especially soldiers sharing a table.
The young officer joined his new mess on the first night aboard ship.
Sailors in the same mess took turns serving the food.
Note
A group defined by its shared table, so the word names people rather than food: the wardroom mess aboard ship is the officers who dine there together. The collective sense was already at home in Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale. The room where such a group eats is the mess as a place.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- A mess can be a group of people who eat together and share food prepared in common. en.wiktionary.org
- The wardroom mess aboard ship comprises the officers who dine there. en.wikipedia.org
- The collective sense appears in William Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale. en.wiktionary.org
- Mess can also denote the room where people eat. en.wiktionary.org
- 8A polite term for excrement, especially animal droppings.
The new puppy left a mess by the door every morning.
He stepped in a dog's mess on the sidewalk.
UsageOften leave a mess or clean up a dog's mess.
Similardroppings
- 9To soil something by defecating on it.
The nervous horse messed its stall during the thunderstorm.
House-training teaches a puppy not to mess the floor indoors.
Note
The general verb meaning to make dirty narrows here to one particular kind of dirt. A 2000 installment of Tom Armstrong's comic strip Marvin complains of a baby who does nothing but "cry, eat, and mess your diapers."
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Tom Armstrong created the comic strip Marvin. en.wikipedia.org
- The installment containing the quotation dates to 2000. en.wiktionary.org
- The strip contains a complaint that the baby does nothing but cry, eat, and soil his diapers, using the quoted wording. en.wiktionary.org
- 10To take meals together regularly as members of a communal group, especially in the armed forces.
Aboard the destroyer, the petty officers mess in their own compartment near the galley.
The lieutenants messed together every night aboard the ship.
UsageUsually mess together or mess in a place: officers mess together.
- 11A serving of food set out at one time: the provision for one person or party at a single meal, or the feed given to an animal.
At their savoury dinner set / Of herbs and other country messes.
a. 1645, John Milton, “L’Allegro”c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, letter to one in prison for the profession of the Gospel a mess of pottage
Note
Esau's bargain is the best-known case: the 1537 Matthew Bible sums up Genesis 25 as his sale of a birthright for "a messe of potage." Milton's poem "L'Allegro" sets shepherds at a dinner of herbs "and other country messes."
- 12A dessert made of fruit and cream, similar to a fruit fool.
For dessert she whipped up a raspberry mess with cream from the farm.
The summer menu featured a strawberry mess made with softly whipped cream.
UsageUsed in dessert names such as strawberry mess and Eton mess.
Note
Pearson's Magazine (1913) calls Eton "renowned for its messes," with strawberry first and raspberry second, and Lancing College in Sussex has a banana version, Lancing Mess. Lindsey Bareham's Just One Pot (2004) hears in the name either the "disorder" sense or the army word for a meal. Either reading suits a heap of fruit and cream.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Pearson’s Magazine in 1913 described Eton as renowned for its messes, ranking strawberry above raspberry. en.wiktionary.org
- Lancing College in Sussex has a banana variation called Lancing Mess. resources.finalsite.net
- Bareham links the dessert’s name with either disorder or military slang for a meal. en.wiktionary.org
- 13An eating establishment known for plain, home-style cooking and food.
The dockworkers ate at a cheap mess by the harbor.
Every morning the mess filled with regulars wanting a hot breakfast.
Similardiner, eatery, cafe, canteen
Note
An Indian English use, in which a mess is an ordinary public eatery serving home-style food rather than a military dining hall. A reader outside India who meets a mess down the road should picture a homely restaurant open to anyone, not a members-only table for officers or troops.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- The home-style restaurant sense is recorded as Indian English. en.wiktionary.org
- 14To provide a person or group with meals, especially in an organized institution.
- 15To soil something by ejaculating onto it.
- 16A set of four people, as formed by the old custom of dividing a dining company into groups of four.
- 17The quantity of milk a cow produces in a single milking.
- 18A group of iguanas gathered or considered together.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origins
One possibility is that it is a corrupted form of Middle English mesh ("mash"), comparable to muss. Another is that it comes from the sense "mixed foods, as for animals." Old English mes ("dung, excrement") is sometimes compared too.
Middle English mes blends two sources. One was the Old English word for "table," mēse or mēose, a vernacular borrowing of Latin or Late Latin mēnsa ("table, meal"). The other was Old French mes, which came from Late Latin missum, based on mittō ("to put, place").