old
Formsolder, elder, oldest, eldest
Formsolder, elder, oldest, eldest
Pluralolds
- 1Of a person, animal, or other living thing, far along in its expected span of life.
The old farmer had worked these fields for sixty years.
Elephants can grow remarkably old, sometimes reaching seventy in the wild.
UsageOlder works everywhere; elder is mostly for family before a noun: my elder sister, but older than me (not
incorrect: elder than me).Oppositeyoung
Note
Here age is measured against a lifespan, so an old dog and an old man are old at very different ages.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Dogs and humans reach old age at very different chronological ages. healthtopics.vetmed.ucdavis.edu
- 2Of a thing, idea, or relationship, in existence for a comparatively long time.
The custom is old, dating back to the founding of the village.
The old stone bridge still carries traffic across the river after three centuries.
UsagePairs with friend, custom, building; for things thousands of years old, ancient is usual.
Similarancient, longstanding
Note
Applied to things and bonds, it measures duration: an old friend is a friend of long standing, not necessarily an aged person, which is the work of the sense for living beings.
- 3Of the age indicated, counting from birth or from when something came into being.
The cathedral is nearly a thousand years old.
By the time she retired, the company was forty years old.
UsageSay I'm twenty years old or I'm twenty (not
incorrect: I have twenty years); before a noun, a two-year-old child.Note
It says nothing about great age, which is why a toddler can be two years old.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- A toddler can be two years old. medlineplus.gov
- 4Belonging to an earlier time; former or previous, or no longer existing.
She still keeps in touch with an old colleague from her first job.
He revisited his old neighborhood after living abroad for a decade.
UsageBefore a noun, old can mean former: my old school, an old colleague, not an aged one.
Similarformer, previous, earlier, past, onetime
Note
When the American novelist Winston Churchill writes in The Celebrity (1897) that Miss Trevor "became her old self again," he means the person she used to be. Only context separates it from the "used" meaning, and "my old one" can carry both.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Winston Churchill was an American novelist. home.nps.gov
- 5No longer new or fresh: already used or worn, or, of food, kept so long it is going stale.
The mechanic replaced the old tires with a fresh set.
He kept his old jacket for gardening even after buying a new coat.
UsageThe opposite here is new, not young: old shoes, new shoes.
Similarworn, used, worn-out, stale, secondhand
- 6Used to indicate affection and familiarity toward someone.
It's so good to see you again, you old rascal.
Dear old Mrs. Patel down the lane always saves us the best tomatoes.
UsageBefore a name or a fond insult: old Sally, you old rascal. Use it with people you know well.
Note
The word carries warmth rather than years in this use. Salinger's 'old Sally' in The Catcher in the Rye (1951) says nothing about her age.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- J. D. Salinger wrote The Catcher in the Rye. en.wikipedia.org
- The Catcher in the Rye was first published in 1951. folger.edu
- The novel contains 'old Sally', illustrating familiarity or affection rather than age. en.wiktionary.org
- 7
- 8Familiar through long acquaintance or repeated experience, whether welcome or tiresome, as in old friends or the same old excuses.
The pub was full of the old familiar faces, and he felt at home at once.
They chatted like old friends, though they had only met that morning.
UsageAn old friend is one you have known a long time, not necessarily an old person.
Similarfamiliar
Oppositenew
Note
Familiarity here attaches to a well-known routine or a well-known person. Giving someone the old heave-ho treats the dismissal as a well-worn move. In Stephen Fry's The Liar (1991), a schoolboy's "Old Biffo" names a master by his nickname.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Stephen Fry wrote The Liar, first published in 1991. en.wikipedia.org
- The schoolboy Adrian says "Old Biffo" in The Liar. en.wiktionary.org
Less common meanings
- 9Tiresome after being repeated too many times.
The novelty wore off quickly, and the joke soon grew old.
Her habit of showing up late was getting old, and the team let her know it.
UsageUsually after get or grow: the joke is getting old, that grew old fast.
Similartiresome, stale, tedious
Note
Its subject is a joke, a song or a routine. With a person as the subject, the phrase slides back toward the sense for living beings.
- 10An intensifier combined with another adjective, often when describing something positive.
We settled in for a good old chat over coffee.
It turned into a great old celebration that lasted all night.
UsageAfter another adjective: a good old chat, a big old dog. Any old means any at all.
Note
Here the idea of age has drained away, leaving warmth and emphasis.
- 11People who are old, considered together as a group; the older generation.
Public health programs that protect the old also ease pressure on hospitals.
In many cultures, the old are honored for their long experience.
UsageWith the and are: the old are honored. For one person, say an old person or an older person.
Oppositeyoung
- 12One's parents, usually spoken of together as a pair.
My olds are away for the weekend, so the house is ours.
She finally told her olds about the new job.
UsageUsually with my or the: my olds, tell the olds. Best among friends.
Note
It is the same slang noun as the word for anyone older, narrowed to one's own parents.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The parents sense is a more specific sense of the same slang noun used for someone older than oneself. en.wiktionary.org
- 13A person older than oneself, especially an adult seen from a teenager's point of view.
To the kids at the skate park, anyone over thirty is one of the olds.
He complained that the olds at the office never understood his jokes.
UsageUsed as an old, one of the olds. It sounds mildly dismissive, so it can be rude to an older listener.
Note
Near-synonyms are geezer, oldie and oldster, and like them it carries a mildly dismissive edge, as in "some old tried to tell us to turn the music down."
- 14Of a species or language, belonging to a lineage distantly related to the others around it.
Similarancient
Note
A biologist's and linguist's use, in which old means isolated rather than early. The ginkgo or Basque called "the oldest" is the one whose lineage stands farthest from its living relatives, often described as relict or a living fossil. It favors the superlative and should not be read as a claim that the tree or language literally began first.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- Kew explains ginkgo's antiquity through its ancient lineage and fossil history, rather than defining oldest as greatest distance from living relatives. kew.org
- Basque has no known living relatives, so this ranking is not established. The defensible historical distinction concerns its ancestor's presence in western Europe before the ancestors of neighboring languages arrived. nabasque.eus
- Basal concerns position relative to the root of a phylogenetic tree; it is not synonymous with isolation or maximum distance from living relatives. en.wikipedia.org
- 15Of a color, especially red, pink, or orange, soft and subdued as though faded with age.
The designer chose an old pink for the upholstery, muted and warm.
Faded to an old red, the barn blended into the autumn hills.
UsageMostly in shade names: old rose, old gold, old pink.
Note
A colorist's modifier that softens a warm hue rather than dating it: old rose, old gold, an old pink. It evokes the look of a pigment dulled by time, so it fixes itself to the color word and works as part of a shade's name. Antique does the same work in the same position.
- 16Of a person, being a former pupil or graduate of a particular school, especially a British public school.
As an Old Etonian, he still goes back for the annual school dinner.
The club admits only old boys of the founding school.
UsageOften in old boys and old girls, or before a word for a school's pupils: an Old Etonian.
Note
A British school word, capitalized when it forms a title: an Old Etonian is a former pupil of Eton, and old boys and old girls are a school's former pupils. It says nothing about age, so a young graduate qualifies at once. The usage grows directly out of the "former" meaning.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- An Old Etonian is a former pupil of Eton College. en.wikipedia.org
- The school-alumni use of 'old' is an application of its 'former' meaning. en.wiktionary.org
- 17Intended for older people, and so unsuitable for someone younger, as in a book too old for a six-year-old.
The themes in the play felt too old for a school assembly of young pupils.
Parents complained that the show was far too old for its early evening slot.
UsageMostly in too old for: too old for young children.
Note
Here age is shifted from the audience to the thing made for it: a story is old when its readers need to be older. Oliver Optic's Magazine used it in 1868: too old for our Juvenile Magazine. The comparative works the same way, as in Christine L. Williams's Inside Toyland (2006) on parents buying 'older' toys.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Oliver Optic's Magazine used the quoted phrase in 1868. en.wiktionary.org
- Christine L. Williams wrote Inside Toyland, first published in 2006. ucpress.edu
- Inside Toyland discusses parents buying toys described as 'older'. en.wiktionary.org
- 18A typically dark beer made by the traditional top-fermentation brewing method.
She poured herself a glass of old after the long shift.
Many regulars order old, finding the pale lagers too light for their taste.
UsageOrdered as a glass of old or a schooner of old.
Oppositenew
Note
An Australian pub word, ordered by the glass, as in Peter Corris's "two schooners of old" (2010). Behind the bar it stands against new and is set beside light.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The Peter Corris work containing the example, Torn Apart, was first published in 2010. openlibrary.org
- Corris's Torn Apart contains the exact phrase 'two schooners of old'. en.wiktionary.org
- 19Excessive or abundant; present in great quantity.
URSULA: Madam, you must come to your uncle. Yonder's old coil at home: it is proved, my Lady Hero hath been falsely accused, the prince and Claudio mightily abused;
1598, William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”Note
Shakespeare's "Yonder's old coil at home" in Much Ado About Nothing means a great commotion, not an ancient one. Readers of older texts should take old before a noun of uproar this way. As a free adjective the sense is obsolete, though its force lingers in a high old time, close kin to the intensifier in good old.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- The quotation occurs in William Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing; Ursula is the speaker. gutenberg.org
- Old has the historical meaning excessive or abundant, illustrated by this quotation. en.wiktionary.org
- 20Describing someone whose years of doing a particular thing have made them skilled and experienced at it.
Though barely thirty, the director is an old hand at managing difficult actors.
The rookies watched the old pros on the crew set up the stage in half the time.
UsageMostly before a noun: an old hand, an old pro. She is old does not mean she is skilled.
Similarseasoned, experienced, veteran
Oppositeinexperienced
Note
Age has little to do with it: a director of thirty can be an old hand, because what has grown long is the experience. That fits the word's root, a participle meaning "grown".
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Old ultimately derives from a participle meaning "grown". en.wiktionary.org
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origin
"Old" comes from Middle English "old", from Old English "eald" ("old, aged, ancient"), from Proto-Germanic *aldaz ("grown-up") (originally a participle form) and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós ("grown, tall, big"). It is related to German "alt", Dutch "oud", and Latin "altus" ("high, tall").
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Old comes through Middle English old from Old English eald, meaning old, aged or ancient. en.wiktionary.org
- The Proto-Germanic ancestor is *aldaz, meaning grown-up, originally a participle. en.wiktionary.org
- The ultimate ancestor is Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós, glossed grown, tall or big. en.wiktionary.org
- Old is related to German alt and Dutch oud. en.wiktionary.org
- Old is related to Latin altus, meaning high or tall. en.wiktionary.org