bold
Pluralbolds
- 1Showing courage and a readiness to take risks or face danger.
The general's bold attack caught the enemy completely off guard.
Her bold decision to quit a secure job surprised everyone who knew her.
UsageCommon pattern: it was bold of someone to do something. Used of choices and plans as well as people: a bold move.
Similardaring, brave, courageous, audacious, fearless
Oppositeconservative, reluctant, cautious
Note
The oldest sense of the adjective, and the one the others grow from. Old English bald already meant brave and confident but also presumptuous and impudent, so praise and reproach have shared the word from the start. The word praises acts and choices as readily as people (bold deeds), and its opposites (risk-averse, conservative, reluctant) show that it is about an appetite for risk, not bravery alone.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Old English bald had both approving meanings such as brave and confident and disapproving meanings such as presumptuous and impudent. en.wiktionary.org
- 2Standing out clearly to the eye; visually striking and conspicuous.
The designer chose a bold pattern for the living room curtains.
Bold graphics covered the entire front of the magazine.
Similarstriking, vivid, eye-catching, strong, bright
Oppositesubtle, muted, understated
- 3Printed with thicker strokes than the regular form of a typeface, making the text stand out.
The editor used bold headings to set them apart from the body text.
Each key term is bold on its first appearance in the chapter.
UsageOften in the phrase in bold: the warning is in bold.
Note
A typographer's word for weight: bold is a heavier weight within the same typeface family, not a different design. In HTML, the <b> tag produces it by default. Applying it has its own verb, to bold text, which grew out of this use.
- 4Of food or drink, having a strong, rich, and distinctive flavor.
The sommelier recommended a bold red to match the grilled steak.
Their house blend is darker and bolder than most of the others.
UsageCommon combinations include bold coffee, a bold red, and bold flavors. The comparative is bolder, and the superlative is boldest.
Similarfull-bodied, robust, rich, strong
Note
A tasting word. A wine is bold when it is full-bodied, with real weight on the palate from alcohol, tannin or extract.
- 5Behaving in a forward, presumptuous, or disrespectful way.
Her bold remark about the host's cooking embarrassed everyone at the table.
It was rather bold of him to help himself to a drink before being offered one.
UsageCan sound admiring or critical, so context decides. Add a word like rude or cheeky to make the criticism clear.
Similarforward, brazen, impudent, presumptuous, cheeky
Note
Here courage tips into overstepping, an edge already present in the Old English word behind the "courageous" meaning. David Hume, in 1748, writes of "the boldest and most affirmative Philosophy" trying to impose its dictates on mankind. That is boldness as presumption, not bravery.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Bold derives from an Old English word that already included presumptuous and impudent senses alongside courageous senses. en.wiktionary.org
- The Hume work containing the quotation was first published in 1748. en.wikisource.org
- Hume wrote the quoted phrase and described philosophy attempting to impose its dictates on mankind. en.wikisource.org
- 6To make a font or piece of text appear in heavier strokes.
Bold the key terms before you print the handout for the class.
She bolded the deadline in the email so nobody would miss it.
Note
Editing shorthand built on the typographic adjective: you bold a subhead, and once done it is bolded.
Less common meanings
- 7Naughty, insolent, and badly behaved.
Their bold youngest son was always talking back to the adults.
The teacher scolded the bold pupils for their cheek.
UsageMostly said of children, as a mild scolding: a bold child, stop being so bold. Elsewhere, people may hear daring instead.
Similarnaughty, cheeky, disobedient, insolent, mischievous
Oppositegood, obedient, well-behaved
Note
In Irish English the word belongs to the home and the classroom. A bold child is simply a naughty one, and the reproach is everyday and mild: terribly bold, never does as they are told. Readers from elsewhere may hear the presumption of the "impudent" meaning, or even admiration.
- 8Rising or falling steeply; abrupt in slope.
A bold headland rose almost straight out of the sea.
The ridge ends in a bold slope that drops almost sheer to the valley floor.
Similarsteep, sheer, abrupt, precipitous
Note
A landscape word, at home in topographical description. William Bernard Cooke's A New Picture of the Isle of Wight has grounds that "descend with a bold slope to the water's edge." It suits headlands, cliffs, ridges and slopes, and it adds a note of drama that steep lacks: the land seems to thrust itself forward the way a daring person might.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- A New Picture of the Isle of Wight is attributed to William Bernard Cooke. en.wiktionary.org
- The book describes grounds that descend with a bold slope to the water's edge, using the quoted wording. en.wiktionary.org
- 9Pornographic in nature; depicting nudity or explicit sexual content.
Her parents never let her watch bold movies on cable.
Censors cut the bolder scenes from the evening broadcast.
UsageUsually describes films, scenes and magazines: bold films. For readers elsewhere, explicit or adult is clearer.
Similarexplicit, racy, raunchy, steamy
Oppositetame
Note
Philippine English uses the word as a discreet label for sexual content: bold films, bold scenes, bold content shown on buses. A reader elsewhere would hear only daring or striking, so the same phrase can mean quite different things to a reader in the Philippines and to one outside it.
- 10To make someone bold or daring, or to become bold or brave.
Note
The old verb, from Old English baldian, meant to put courage into someone. Shakespeare uses it when he writes that a matter touches us "as France invades our land, / Not bolds the King": the invasion concerns us, not the courage it gives the king. Modern English hands the job to embolden.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- The verb bold derives from Old English baldian. en.wiktionary.org
- The old verb meant to give someone courage. en.wiktionary.org
- Shakespeare wrote the quoted words in King Lear; Albany speaks them in Act V, scene i. en.wikisource.org
- Albany means that the French invasion concerns him, rather than the encouragement France gives King Lear. en.wikisource.org
- 11A dwelling, habitation, or building.
Note
A different word that happens to share the spelling. Old English bold, also spelled botl, meant a house, hall, castle or temple, and it comes from a root meaning "to grow". It has nothing to do with courage. A reader who meets it in old texts should think of buildings, not bravery.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- The dwelling noun has a separate etymology from bold meaning courageous. This follows from comparing the entries' distinct derivations. en.wiktionary.org
- Old English bold and botl were forms of a noun meaning a house, hall, castle or temple. en.wiktionary.org
- The dwelling noun ultimately derives from a root meaning to grow. en.wiktionary.org
- This noun denotes a dwelling or building, without the courage sense. en.wiktionary.org
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origins
From Middle English bold, from Old English bald, beald ("bold, brave, confident"), from Proto-Germanic *balþaz ("strong, bold"), from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to swell." It is related to Dutch boud ("bold") and Swedish båld ("dauntless"), and perhaps to Albanian ballë ("forehead").
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 9 facts
- Bold derives from Middle English bold. en.wiktionary.org
- The Middle English word derives from Old English bald, beald. en.wiktionary.org
- The Old English word meant bold, brave, confident. en.wiktionary.org
- The Old English word derives from Proto-Germanic *balþaz. en.wiktionary.org
- Proto-Germanic *balþaz meant strong, bold. en.wiktionary.org
- The proposed Proto-Indo-European root meant to swell. en.wiktionary.org
- Bold is related to Dutch boud, meaning bold. en.wiktionary.org
- Bold is related to Swedish båld, meaning dauntless. en.wiktionary.org
- Bold is perhaps related to Albanian ballë, meaning forehead. en.wiktionary.org
Proto-Germanic *balþōną, which was related to *balþaz (the source of the adjective), gave Old English baldian or bealdian and then Middle English bolden. Old High German irbaldōn, meaning to dare or become bold, is a cognate.
From Middle English bold, from Old English bold, botl ("house, dwelling, hall, castle"), from Proto-Germanic *budlą ("house, dwelling"), from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to grow, swell." It is cognate with Old Frisian bold ("house") and related to build.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- The dwelling noun descends through Middle English bold from Old English bold, a variant of botl. en.wiktionary.org
- The Old English forms meant house, dwelling, hall, or castle. en.wiktionary.org
- The word derives from reconstructed Proto-Germanic *budlą, meaning house or dwelling. en.wiktionary.org
- Its deeper origin is a Proto-Indo-European root meaning to grow or swell. en.wiktionary.org
- It is cognate with Old Frisian bold, meaning house. en.wiktionary.org
- It is etymologically related to build. en.wiktionary.org