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shy

SHY/ʃaɪ/

Verbshies, shying, shied

16 meanings of shy

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  1. 1
    adjective
    Nervous, reserved, or easily embarrassed in the company of others; reluctant to draw attention to oneself or to reveal one's feelings or views.

    She remained shy at gatherings, rarely speaking unless spoken to.

    The new intern was shy with senior colleagues for weeks.

    UsageOften shy with people, or too shy to + verb: shy with strangers, too shy to speak.

    Similartimid, bashful, reserved, retiring, diffident

    Oppositeoutgoing, confident, bold, extroverted

    Note

    John Arbuthnot's "What makes you so shy of late, my good Friend?" (1712) is said to a friend who has grown distant, which shows coolness rather than fright. Its opposites are outgoing, forward and gregarious. Those words place it in social life, not in danger.

    Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts

    • The quotation is from John Arbuthnot's writing; Hocus speaks it to John Bull. gutenberg.org
    • The work containing the quotation was first published in 1712. openlibrary.org
    • The quotation concerns a formerly familiar associate becoming distant, supporting the interpretation of reserve or coolness. gutenberg.org
  2. 2
    timidadjective
    Easily frightened or alarmed; naturally timid.

    The shy deer bolted the moment it caught our scent.

    Our rescue dog is still shy and flinches at any sudden noise.

    UsageThe comparative is spelled shyer or shier, and the superlative shyest or shiest.

    Similartimid, skittish, nervous, fearful, timorous

    Oppositeconfident, brave, bold, fearless

    Note

    Animals can be shy in this way as readily as people. Jonathan Swift's horses in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World (1726) "were no longer shy" once led daily before the narrator.

    Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts

    • Jonathan Swift wrote Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, first published in 1726. en.wikipedia.org
    • The narrator describes horses becoming 'no longer shy' after being led before him daily. gutenberg.org
  3. 3
    avoidverbintransitive
    To avoid something out of caution, embarrassment, or timidity.

    Investors shy away from markets that seem too unpredictable.

    She never shies from a tough question.

    UsageFollowed by from or away from: shy away from talking about money, shy from a question.

    Similarshrink, flinch, balk, recoil

    Oppositeface, confront, embrace

  4. 4
    short ofadjectivecolloquial
    Short of a full amount; less than what is needed or expected.

    The donation came in a few thousand dollars shy of the goal.

    She was just shy of her twenty-first birthday.

    UsageAn amount can come before shy of: three dollars shy of the price. Just shy of means almost.

    Similarshort

    Note

    It belongs to casual speech and sports journalism. Leonardo DiCaprio's Jordan Belfort says it in the film The Wolf of Wall Street (2013), and BBC Sport writes it in 2018.

  5. 5
    waryadjective
    Cautious or wary; inclined to distrust or suspicion.

    Lenders remain shy of borrowers with poor credit histories.

    The cat was shy of anyone holding a broom.

    UsageFollowed by of, often with an -ing form: shy of risky deals, shy of using something.

    Similarwary, cautious, leery, chary, suspicious

    Oppositetrusting

    Note

    In Samuel Butler's Hudibras, the hero "was very shy of using" his wit. Robert Boyle in 1661 was "very shy of building" on unsure foundations. Keep it apart from the "short of" meaning: shy of using something is reluctance, while two shy of a total is a shortfall.

    Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts

    • Samuel Butler wrote Hudibras, whose hero is described as "was very shy of using" his wit. gutenberg.org
    • Robert Boyle wrote "very shy of building" about foundations he considered unsure. en.wiktionary.org
    • The Boyle work containing the quotation was first published in 1661. aip.org

Practice

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Origin

From Middle English shy, from Old English sċēoh ("shy"), going back through Proto-West Germanic and Proto-Germanic words meaning "shy, fearful." It is related to Dutch schuw, German scheu, and Danish sky, all meaning "shy."

Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts

  • English shy descends from Middle English shy and Old English sċēoh, meaning shy. en.wiktionary.org
  • The ancestry continues through Proto-West Germanic and Proto-Germanic forms meaning shy or fearful. en.wiktionary.org
  • Dutch schuw, German scheu and Danish sky are related words meaning shy. en.wiktionary.org