good
Noun pluralgoods
Often confused with well
Pluralgoods
- 1Having high quality or meeting a high standard, and so better than average.
The tools were cheap, but they turned out to be surprisingly good.
Her new album is good, though not as strong as her first one.
UsageCompares as better and best: the second try was better, the last was the best.
- 2Effective or useful; doing its job well, or suited to a particular purpose.
A cast-iron pan is good for searing steaks.
This spray is really good at keeping mosquitoes away all evening.
UsageUse for with the purpose (good for cleaning windows) and at with the job done well (good at removing stains).
Similareffective, useful, great, handy, suitable
Oppositeuseless, ineffective, bad, poor
- 3Well, satisfactorily, or thoroughly.
She did good on the test.
Shake the bottle good before you pour.
UsageIn formal writing and careful speech, use well instead: she did well on the test.
Similarwell, thoroughly, properly
Note
The adverb grew from the adjective in Middle English, much as Dutch goed and German gut each serve both roles.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Adverbial good developed from the adjective in Middle English. en.wiktionary.org
- Dutch goed serves as both adjective and adverb. en.wiktionary.org
- German gut serves as both adjective and adverb. en.wiktionary.org
- 4Favorable.
The signs are good for the harvest.
The play opened to good reviews from almost every critic in town.
Similarfavorable, promising, positive, auspicious, encouraging
Oppositebad, unfavorable, inauspicious
- 5Pleasant or enjoyable, including having a pleasant taste.
Thanks for a good evening.
The weather made for a good walk.
Similarpleasant, enjoyable, nice, lovely, delightful
Oppositeunpleasant, bad, awful, horrible
- 6Of people or animals, competent or talented, often with 'at'.
Are you good at chess?
A good cook needs few ingredients.
UsageThe skill follows at: good at chess, good at fixing things. Before a noun no preposition is needed: a good cook.
Similarskilled, skillful, talented, able, competent
Oppositebad, poor, incompetent, inept
Note
A sermon by Robert South plays on the pattern, saying flatterers are generally good at flattering who are good for nothing else. That reproach belongs to the "useful" meaning.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Robert South wrote a sermon containing the stated play on 'good at' and 'good for nothing else'. ccel.org
- 7Beneficial or worthwhile; (with for) helping someone's health or wellbeing.
Eating more vegetables would be good for your blood pressure.
Learning to cook is a good investment of your time.
UsageUse for with whoever or whatever gains: good for your heart, good for the children.
Similarbeneficial, worthwhile, healthy, helpful, wholesome
Oppositebad, harmful, detrimental, damaging
- 8Of people or animals, or of their actions and intentions, morally right, kind, or honest.
Be good to your neighbors.
A good man does not need to be watched.
UsageKind treatment takes to (be good to her); thanks for a kind act takes of (it was good of you to come).
Similarkind, virtuous, decent, moral, upright
Oppositeevil, bad, wicked, immoral
Note
Lord Henry in Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray sets this sense against happiness: when we are happy we are always good, but when we are good we are not always happy.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The passage has the quoted wording about being happy and being good. gutenberg.org
- 9Things made to be sold, or movable things that someone owns, such as furniture and clothes; usually in the plural.
Stolen goods are hard to sell.
Each good on the list has its own tariff.
UsageGoods takes are: the goods are in the van. In everyday English, one thing is an item or a product.
Similarcommodity, product, merchandise, wares
Note
The meaning is old. Old English gōd already covered goods, property and wealth, alongside advantage, benefit and virtue.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The noun's property and wealth senses existed in Old English, alongside advantage, benefit and virtue. en.wiktionary.org
- 10Describing a friend or a friendship that is close, trusted, and valued.
She has been a good friend to me since our first year of college.
The two leaders built a good friendship over decades of working together.
UsageA good friend of mine names the friendship; a good friend to me says how the person treats you.
- 11Correct or proper; in the state that is expected or required.
The mechanic checked the tire pressure and said it was good.
Everything was good between the brothers again.
Note
It is not good to be alone, says a fifteenth-century Wakefield mystery play. Tennyson in 1850 writes if all was good and fair we met.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- The Wakefield mystery play containing the quotation is dated to the fifteenth century. en.wiktionary.org
- The play contains the exact words 'It is not good to be alone'. blocksclass.com
- Tennyson wrote 'If all was good and fair we met'. en.wikisource.org
- The Tennyson quotation appeared in a work first published in 1850. en.wikisource.org
- 12Of a quantity or a stretch of time, large in amount, size, or length.
A good many people came.
It's a good distance from here to the coast.
UsageSet phrases with a: a good many people, a good deal of money, a good while.
Similargreat, considerable, fair, large, substantial
Oppositesmall
- 13Adequate or sufficient; not fallacious.
There is good cause for concern.
That's not a good enough reason.
UsageOften in good enough, with enough after good: not a good enough reason.
Similarvalid, sufficient, adequate, sound, legitimate
Oppositepoor, weak, inadequate, insufficient
- 14That which is morally right, kind, or beneficial, as opposed to evil.
Philosophers have argued for centuries about what the highest good really is.
He did it for the good of the town.
UsageCommon in for the good of the town, a force for good and do good.
Similargoodness, virtue, right, benefit, welfare
Oppositeevil, bad, wrong, harm
Note
John Jay wrote in 1788 that the good of the whole can only be promoted by advancing the good of each of the parts. The proverb the best is the enemy of the good uses the same frame.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- John Jay wrote the statement in 1788, in Federalist No. 64. avalon.law.yale.edu
- Jay wrote that promoting the good of the whole requires advancing the good of its parts. avalon.law.yale.edu
- “The best is the enemy of the good” is an established proverb. en.wikipedia.org
- 15An outcome or effect that the speaker regards as beneficial or positive.
Some good came of the long strike: the company finally repaired its unsafe machines.
Whatever good the new policy was meant to do was lost in the confusion of its first few weeks.
UsageOften with come out of: the one good to come out of it, some good came out of the storm.
Similarbenefit, advantage, upside, plus, positive
Oppositebad
Less common meanings
- 16Of children or animals, well-behaved and doing as they are told.
The puppy was good all through the vet's visit.
Good girl, you ate everything.
UsageGood boy and good girl praise children and pets. Said to an adult, they can sound condescending.
Similarwell-behaved, obedient
Oppositenaughty, bad, disobedient
- 17
- 18
- 19Physically well and healthy; of a part of the body, sound and functioning as it should.
I'm not feeling good, and I think I'm coming down with the flu.
She hopped across the parking lot on her good leg.
UsageCommon after feel: I don't feel good. Feel well also refers to health; feel good can also mean happy.
- 20Unblemished; honorable.
A scandal can ruin a good name overnight.
The firm is in good standing with the bank.
UsageMostly in set phrases: a good name, in good standing, of good character.
Similarhonorable, respectable, unblemished, spotless
- 21Still safe or fit to use, said of food or other perishables that have not gone stale, rotten, or past their date.
Check whether the yogurt is still good.
Canned food stays good for years.
UsageStill good means not yet spoiled; without still, the bread is good usually praises its taste.
Similarfresh, edible, okay, usable
Oppositebad, off, rotten, spoiled
Note
The bread is still good says it has not gone stale. It says nothing about how the bread tastes. A food can be good in this sense and still not be enjoyable.
- 22Of quantities, reasonable in amount.
Twenty minutes is a good length for a wedding speech.
A dozen guests is a good number for a dinner party.
Similardecent, fair, reasonable, healthy, generous
- 23Of quantities, full, entire, at least as much as: this hill will take a good hour and a half to climb, the car was a good ten miles away.
He is a good six feet tall.
It was a good three weeks before the letter came.
UsagePut a good before a number: a good ten miles means at least ten, maybe more.
Note
Its usual mark is a good placed before a number: a good ten miles, a good hour and a half. Walter Besant puts the word after the number instead, in four good measured miles.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Walter Besant wrote “four good measured miles,” placing “good” after the number, in The Ivory Gate. en.wiktionary.org
- 24Valid, true, or still in force, so that it can be relied on or honored.
The old rule holds good today.
Her alibi is good; three neighbors saw her at the party that night.
UsageCommon in hold good, meaning stay true: the old rule still holds good.
Similarvalid, true, sound, reliable, solid
Note
Science uses this sense in fixed phrases. A theory holds good when it stays true under new conditions. A biologist calls two populations good species when they are genuinely distinct; a 1966 chromosome study tells two such species apart by an inversion and a nucleolar shift.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- A 1966 chromosome study distinguishes Twinnia biclavata from T. nova by an inversion and a nucleolar shift, calling both good species. en.wiktionary.org
- 25Followed by 'and' and another adjective, very or extremely.
He was good and angry by the time she arrived.
I'll leave when I'm good and ready.
UsageAlso before adverbs: hit it good and hard. Good and ready often means when I choose, not sooner.
Similarvery
Note
An intensifier used in the pattern good and followed by an adjective or adverb, as in good and hot, good and ready, good and angry. The phrase stresses that a state has fully arrived.
- 26Stressed in speech, special or best, especially of things such as clothes kept for special occasions.
Use the good plates, we have guests.
Don't take the good scissors for the garden.
UsageSaid with stress, after my or the: my good shirt, the good plates, the ones saved for special days.
Oppositeeveryday
Note
Stress does the work here. In my GOOD shirt the voice lands on good, and the word marks status rather than quality: this is the one kept for special occasions. Saying it implies there is a second, everyday set.
- 27Trustworthy to pay what one owes, with one's credit still sound; used with for (good for the money).
The landlord wanted proof that the new tenant was good for the rent.
My cousin swore he was good for the loan, but I never saw that money again.
- 28Coming from a noble family or holding a high place in society.
Thou art a Traitor, and a Miſcreant; Too good to be ſo, and too bad to liue, Since the more faire and chriſtall is the skie, The vglier ſeeme the cloudes that in it flye:
1595, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second” - 29Genuine and earnest rather than pretended, as in 'in good earnest'.
Love no man in good earnest.
c. 1598, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It” - 30Of food or a meal, filling and nourishing enough to meet your needs.
- 31Sacred or associated with God, as in 'Good Friday' or 'the Good Book'.
- 32To grow healthier, plumper or more prosperous.
- 33To make something better or set it right.
- 34To carry out repairs or make things better.
- 35To profit or gain an advantage.
- 36To help someone or make them better off.
- 37To please someone or give them what they want.
- 38To praise yourself or look forward to something with pleasure.
- 39To spread manure on land to make it richer.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origins
Inherited from Middle English good, from Old English gōd, going back through Proto-Germanic *gōdaz to a Proto-Indo-European root *gʰedʰ- meaning 'to unite, be associated, suit, fit'. It is related to 'gather' and 'together', but not to 'god'. It has cognates across the Germanic languages, such as German gut and Dutch goed.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Good was inherited through Middle English good and Old English gōd from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz. en.wiktionary.org
- The Proto-Germanic word derives ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-, meaning 'to unite, be associated, suit, fit'. en.wiktionary.org
- Good is related to gather and together, but not to god. en.wiktionary.org
- Good has cognates across Germanic languages, including German gut and Dutch goed. en.wiktionary.org
Inherited from Middle English goode ('good, well', adverb), formed from the adjective. Compare Dutch goed, German gut, Danish godt and Swedish gott, all likewise from the adjective.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The adverb good was inherited from Middle English goode, meaning good or well, and originated from the adjective. en.wiktionary.org
- Dutch goed, German gut, Danish godt and Swedish gott are comparable adverbs derived from their respective adjectives. en.wiktionary.org
Inherited from Middle English good, from Old English gōd ('a good thing, benefit, goods, property, wealth'), from Proto-Germanic *gōdą ('goods, belongings') and the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰedʰ- ('to unite, be associated, suit'). Compare German Gut ('property, estate, merchandise').
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- The noun is inherited from Middle English good and Old English gōd, with the stated Old English meanings. en.wiktionary.org
- The noun descends from reconstructed Proto-Germanic *gōdą, meaning goods or belongings. en.wiktionary.org
- The ultimate reconstructed root is Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-, meaning to unite, be associated, or suit. en.wiktionary.org
- German Gut is a related comparison and means property, estate, or merchandise. en.wiktionary.org