declare
Formsdeclares, declaring, declared
- 1To state or announce something formally, officially, or with emphasis.
Officials declared a state of emergency across the region.
Several senators have refused to declare for either side before the vote.
UsageCommon pairings: declare war, declare victory, declare bankruptcy. Also declare someone innocent, or declare that something is true.
- 2To inform customs or tax officials of goods you are importing or of income and expenses affecting your taxes.
Travelers must declare items over the duty-free limit at the border.
He declared all his freelance earnings to the tax office.
UsageYou declare goods at customs and income to the tax office. Customs officers ask: anything to declare?
Similardisclose
- 3To state in code that a variable, function, or similar element exists, without necessarily specifying its value or content.
In many languages you must declare each variable before assigning a value.
The header file declares several functions used across the project.
UsageThe kind of thing often follows as: a counter declared as an integer.
Note
Programmers keep declaring apart from defining. A declaration announces that a name exists and what kind of thing it is, while its value or body may come later or elsewhere. Declaring a variable does not necessarily give it a value: some languages supply a default, others leave it unset.
Less common meanings
- 4Of a constituency, to make its election result officially known to the public.
Marginal constituencies often declare last as recounts drag on.
The seat finally declared just after three in the morning.
Note
Election-night usage makes the constituency itself the subject: the seat declares, and no object follows. The natural companions are order and timing, as in Houghton and Sunderland South was the first constituency to declare in the 2015 general election. So the verb lives in talk of which seats come in first or last.
Checked 7 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Houghton and Sunderland South was the first constituency to declare its result in the 2015 general election. phm.org.uk
- 5In cricket, for the captain to end the team's innings voluntarily before being all out, leaving time for the other side to bat.
With a commanding lead, the captain may declare to give his bowlers time.
Australia declared overnight, setting a target of over four hundred.
Note
Cricket's version is a deliberate stop. The innings ends by choice, with the side not all out, giving up further runs to save time. The score is attached with at, as in he declared at 689-7. The figure gives the runs made and the wickets fallen at the moment the captain called it.
Checked 7 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- A declaration voluntarily closes an innings before the batting side is all out. en.wikipedia.org
- Declaring gives up further batting to leave more time for the opposition's innings. en.wiktionary.org
- In the illustrative score 689-7, 689 represents runs scored and 7 represents wickets lost when the innings was declared. en.wikipedia.org
- 6In card games, to lay down one's cards in order to score.
Players declare once they believe their hand will score.
As soon as all her cards formed sets and runs, she declared and laid them face up for the others to count.
Similarmeld
Note
At the card table, the thing made known is the hand itself. A player shows the cards so that they count toward the score. It is the card-game cousin of the "announce" meaning, with the cards doing the talking instead of the player.
- 7To make a matter clear by explaining or interpreting it.
Then answered Peter and sayd to him: declare unto us thys parable.
1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt (Tyndale Bible)Note
The meaning closest to the Latin: dēclārō, "to make clear," built from dē- and clārus, "clear." Tyndale's Newe Testamẽt of 1526 has Peter say "declare unto us thys parable," and Robert Boyle still writes "to declare this a little" in 1664. In passages like these, read explain, not the "announce" meaning. The sense survives only in older texts.
Checked 7 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Latin dēclārō means 'to make clear' and is formed from dē- and clārus, 'clear'. en.wiktionary.org
- William Tyndale's New Testament was published in 1526. loc.gov
- Peter says 'declare unto us thys parable' in Tyndale's 1526 New Testament. en.wiktionary.org
- Robert Boyle uses 'to declare this a little' in a work published in 1664. gutenberg.org
- In these passages, 'declare' means 'explain'. en.wikisource.org
- 8In grand strategy gaming slang, to declare war on another player or faction.
Practice
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Origin
Latin dēclārō ("to make clear"), built on clārus ("clear") with the prefix dē-, became Old French declarer and then Middle English declaren.