great
Pluralgreats
- 1
- 2Large in size, amount, or degree; much more than usual.
He showed great patience while teaching the beginners.
Finishing the report on time required a great deal of effort.
UsageA great deal of goes with uncountable nouns (effort), a great number of with plurals (people).
Similarconsiderable, large, immense, huge, enormous
Note
Here the size belongs to things no ruler can measure: worry, patience, effort, a work of scholarship. In 1951, John W. Cline hoped medicine stood on the threshold of "a much greater age."
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- In 1951, John W. Cline expressed optimism about medicine’s future using the words “a much greater age.” en.wiktionary.org
- 3Used to express pleasure or satisfaction, or ironically to express annoyance, disappointment, or frustration.
Great, the package arrived a whole day early.
Great! I had no idea you were coming to the wedding.
UsageSaid warmly it shows pleasure; said flatly, as in Oh, great, it signals annoyance.
- 4Important and having major consequences.
The treaty marked a great turning point for the region.
The printing press was one of the great inventions in history, changing how ideas spread.
Similarmajor, important, significant, momentous, big
Oppositeminor, insignificant, trivial
Note
Here bigness is measured in consequences rather than in space. Addison's Cato (1713) makes the link plain: "the great, th' important Day," a day "big with the Fate" of Rome. Unlike the "excellent" meaning, it implies no approval. A great dilemma is weighty, not welcome.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Joseph Addison wrote Cato. en.wikisource.org
- Cato was first published in 1713. grubstreetproject.net
- The quoted phrases occur together in Cato, describing a day consequential for Rome; Portius speaks them in Act I, scene I. en.wikisource.org
- 5Possessing exceptional talent, skill, or achievements.
Many consider her a great composer of the last century.
He trained for years before becoming a great surgeon.
Similaroutstanding, brilliant, eminent, distinguished, accomplished
- 6In a very satisfactory manner; very well.
She did great on her final exams this term.
The new car handles great on the highway.
UsageFollows the verb in casual speech: did great, works great. In formal writing, well is the safer choice.
Similarwell, brilliantly, superbly, wonderfully
- 7Placed before a term of family relationship to add one further generation of distance for each repetition of the word.
Her great-grandmother emigrated from Italy in 1910.
The diaries had belonged to his great-great-grandfather.
UsageUse hyphens to join great- to family terms: great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, great-granddaughter.
Note
Kinship terms stack it as often as needed, one repetition per generation: great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, great-great-great-grandfather. Long chains grow unwieldy, which is why family historians often count the greats instead, as in a fourth great-grandfather.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Each additional great- represents one further generation of ancestry. en.wiktionary.org
- 8Arising from or embodying high ideals; admirable, commanding, and worthy of esteem.
Giving his whole fortune to build the hospital was a great deed.
Her letters reveal a great nature, generous and fearless to the very end.
Similarnoble, admirable, lofty, exalted
Note
Nobility is the point here, and it attaches to deeds, natures and histories, and to people admired for them. A great deed is admired for the ideals behind it. When the praise moves to a person's abilities, the word shifts to the "gifted" meaning, as in a great scholar.
Less common meanings
- 9An outstanding figure, notable for major achievement, influence, or renown.
Critics rank her among the greats of modern literature.
He is remembered as a great of the boxing ring.
UsageMost often one of the greats, among the greats or an all-time great.
Similarlegend, giant, luminary, icon, star
Note
The adjective for gifted people turned into a noun: Newton and Einstein are "two of the greats."
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Newton and Einstein are outstanding figures in the history of science. en.wiktionary.org
- 10Impressive or striking in appearance or effect.
The old general still cut a great figure on horseback.
With its gilded domes, the palace makes a great show from the river.
Similarimpressive, striking, magnificent, grand, splendid
- 11Doing or showing something on a large scale; very active or enthusiastic in a pursuit.
I'm not a great one for parties; I'd rather stay home with a book.
They're great travelers, always planning their next trip abroad.
UsageSet phrase not a great one for: a polite way to say someone does little of something.
Similarkeen, avid, enthusiastic, passionate, devoted
Note
Here the word measures habit or appetite rather than quality: a great walker walks a lot, not necessarily well. Before an insult, as in What a great buffoon!, it means thoroughly.
- 12Widely used or in fashion; popular and favored at a particular time.
Similarpopular, fashionable, favored, big
Oppositeunpopular, unfashionable
- 13On close or intimate terms with someone; familiar.
those that are so great with him
1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Followers and Friends”Note
Closeness rather than size. Francis Bacon's essay on followers and friends speaks of "those that are so great with them," meaning on intimate terms. The construction with with is now obsolete. What survives is the pairing with friend and similar words: great friends, great mates, great buddies. Two people can still be great friends, but saying one is great with the other sounds old-fashioned.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Francis Bacon's essay 'Of Followers and Friends' contains the exact words 'those that are so great with them'. gutenberg.org
- The historical sense of 'great' in this construction is 'intimate; familiar'. en.wiktionary.org
- 14Used to intensify a following word or expression, especially in mild oaths or affectionate insults.
Mind the vase, you great lump!
You great idiot, you've left the keys locked inside again.
UsagePlaced directly before a noun (you great oaf) or after another adjective (a dirty great hole).
Similarbig
- 15Pregnant; heavy with young, or filled to fullness with something.
The queen was great with child throughout the long siege.
the ewes great with young
1611, The Holy Bible, King James VersionNote
An obsolete construction worth recognizing in older texts. The adjective comes after what it describes and takes with: great with child, or "the ewes great with young" in the King James Bible of 1611. It could also simply mean full, as in great with hope.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- In this construction, great follows what it describes and takes with, as in great with child. en.wiktionary.org
- The King James Bible contains the quotation “the ewes great with young,” in Psalm 78:71. en.wikisource.org
- The King James Bible was first published in 1611. bridwell.omeka.net
- Great could mean full, including in great with hope. en.wiktionary.org
- 16The principal manual division of a pipe organ, typically its loudest and most powerful section.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origin
Old English grēat meant "big, thick, coarse, massive" and became Middle English greet ("great, large"). Behind it is Proto-Germanic *grautaz, "big in size, coarse-grained," which may go back to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to rub, grind." Grit is related, and German groß and Dutch groot are cognates.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- Old English grēat meant big, thick, coarse and massive. en.wiktionary.org
- Middle English greet descended from Old English grēat and meant great or large. en.wiktionary.org
- The ancestor was Proto-Germanic *grautaz, meaning big in size or coarse-grained. en.wiktionary.org
- The Proto-Germanic form may derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning to rub or grind. en.wiktionary.org
- Grit is etymologically related to great. en.wiktionary.org
- German groß and Dutch groot are cognates of great. en.wiktionary.org