monkey
Pluralmonkeys
Verbmonkeys, monkeying, monkeyed
Pluralmonkeys
Formsmonkeys, monkeying, monkeyed
- 1A primate, usually small with a long tail, that lives mainly in trees; loosely, any ape as well.
A monkey can use its tail almost like a fifth limb to grip branches.
Researchers watched how the monkeys shared fruit within the troop.
Note
The zoologist's monkey has a name that is a puzzle of its own. It may be monk plus the diminutive -ey, or it may come through Middle Low German from Moneke, son of Martin the Ape in Reynard the Fox. Used strictly, the word leaves out the apes, so a chimpanzee is not a monkey. Tails and cheek pouches are typical marks, not universal ones.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- The origin is uncertain; derivation from monk plus diminutive -ey is one possibility. en.wiktionary.org
- Borrowing from Middle Low German Moneke is another proposed origin. en.wiktionary.org
- Moneke is Martin the Ape's son in a version of Reynard the Fox. en.wikipedia.org
- In the traditional restricted sense, monkey excludes apes, including chimpanzees. nationalzoo.si.edu
- Tails are characteristic of monkeys but are not universal. animals.sandiegozoo.org
- Cheek pouches occur in monkeys but are not universal. animals.sandiegozoo.org
- 2A child or other person who is naughty or full of mischief.
That cheeky monkey hid my keys again and won't tell me where.
Their grandsons are lovable little monkeys who never stop moving.
UsageMostly fond, often with little or cheeky: cheeky little monkey, said to a child who has been up to something.
Similarrascal, scamp, imp, devil
Note
It can be aimed at an adult in mock exasperation. Algernon Blackwood has a character cry "You expensive little monkey!" over a costly telephone call. It opens a run of senses that liken people to monkeys, most of them insults, so the warmth depends on tone and relationship.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- A character in Algernon Blackwood's fiction says exactly “You expensive little monkey!” in discussion of an expensive telephone call; the speaker is Sybil, the wife's cousin, in You May Telephone From Here. gutenberg.org
- 3
- 4
- 5A lowly worker who performs a repetitive job supposedly requiring minimal intelligence.
Management treated the interns as monkeys, handing them the same dull task for months.
She quit because she was tired of being the office monkey.
UsageOften in compounds such as code monkey and grease monkey. These can sound dismissive, though some people use them about themselves with irony.
- 6A puppet; a person controlled or directed by someone else.
The committee chair is just a monkey; the real decisions come from the donors.
She refused to be anyone's monkey, even when standing up to the director cost her the job.
UsageBest known from the put-down I want to talk to the organ grinder, not the monkey, a deliberate snub to a go-between.
Similarpuppet
Note
The image behind it is the organ grinder's monkey, performing for whoever turns the handle.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The controlled-person sense refers to the organ grinder's performing monkey. en.wiktionary.org
- 7A highly offensive ethnic slur for a Black person, insultingly likening them to a monkey.
UsageSay Black person instead.
Note
A slur whose whole force is dehumanizing: it insults Black people by likening them to animals. It has no neutral or joking use. The same history colors the word's other human senses. Even the playful use for a mischievous child can be heard as the slur when it is aimed at a Black person, so speakers should take care with it.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- The racial slur dehumanizes Black people by likening them to animals. d-nb.info
Less common meanings
- 8An addiction or compulsive habit, especially a dependence on drugs.
Like a creature clinging to your shoulders that refuses to let go.
Gambling had been a monkey on her back since college, and in the end it cost her the house.
The monkey on her back grew heavier each month as the painkillers took hold.
UsageMostly in a monkey on your back; get the monkey off your back means break the habit.
Similarhabit, addiction, dependence
Note
Underworld drug argot paired with the image of a monkey on one's back. Alfred Lindesmith recorded it in 1938. Nelson Algren's The Man with the Golden Arm (1949) pushes the image hard: "the monkey got so big he was carryin' me." By Saul Bellow's Humboldt's Gift (1975), getting the monkey off one's back is already an old phrase. It now covers any compulsion.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- The drug-habit sense was recorded as underworld argot by Alfred Lindesmith in 1938. en.wiktionary.org
- Nelson Algren wrote The Man with the Golden Arm, first published in 1949. en.wikipedia.org
- The first edition dates from 1949. oakknoll.com
- The quoted words occur in the novel; the speaker is Louie Fomorowski, the Fixer. en.wikiquote.org
- Saul Bellow wrote Humboldt's Gift, first published in 1975. pprize.com
- Humboldt's Gift presents getting the monkey off one's back as an expression used in an earlier time. en.wiktionary.org
- 9To mimic or imitate someone, frequently in a mocking manner.
He winked at Liza, who monkeyed him, holding her own eye shut.
2011, Elizabeth Mosier, The PlaygroupUsageNo preposition: she monkeyed him. Compare monkey with, which means meddle.
Similarmimic, imitate, ape, copy, parody
Note
The copying verb, a close cousin of ape. In Elizabeth Mosier's The Playgroup (2011), Liza "monkeyed him," holding her own eye shut to copy his wink.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Elizabeth Mosier wrote The Playgroup. go.authorsguild.org
- The narrative says Liza 'monkeyed him' by holding her own eye shut in imitation of his wink. en.wiktionary.org
- 10In slang, a sum of five hundred, chiefly £500 in Britain, or, dated in the US, $500.
He bet a monkey on the favorite and lost the lot.
She still owed him a monkey by the end of the night.
UsageUse a monkey, two monkeys, and so on, with the currency understood.
Note
Money slang that counts in units of five hundred. Aleister Crowley writes "gave her a monkey" in 1918, calling it half his last thousand. The Streets, in 2004, count a thousand as two of them. In Britain it means pounds; the American dollar use is dated.
- 11Someone's temper, spoken of as being "up" when the person is angry.
One careless remark about his driving got his monkey up for the rest of the trip.
You could tell the coach's monkey was up from the way he slammed his clipboard down.
UsageMostly in get someone's monkey up (make them angry) or their monkey is up (they are angry).
Note
The phrase has a period feel. John Hughes-Wilson's 1918 – Defeat into Victory (2019) uses it in a soldier's account of the 1914 fighting near the Marne.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- John Hughes-Wilson wrote 1918 – Defeat into Victory, part of his fictional Tommy Gunn series. johnhugheswilson.co.uk
- The book uses the expression in a soldier's recollection of fighting in 1914 near the Marne. en.wiktionary.org
- 12A dance popularized by Major Lance in 1963, now usually reduced to its upper-body move of exaggerated drumming motions with the arms.
Within months of the record's release, teenagers everywhere were doing the monkey.
When the band played a sixties tune, Grandpa jumped up and did the monkey, pounding the air like an invisible drum kit.
UsageTakes do: do the monkey, like do the twist.
Note
Major Lance's "The Monkey Time" (1963), written by Curtis Mayfield, gave the command, and later lyrics list it beside the swim, the pony, the slop and the boogaloo. By Exodus's "The Toxic Waltz" (1989) it stands for a dance that is no longer cool.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 8 facts
- Major Lance popularized the monkey dance in 1963. en.wikipedia.org
- Major Lance's recording of "The Monkey Time" was released in 1963. en.wikipedia.org
- Curtis Mayfield wrote "The Monkey Time". en.wikipedia.org
- "The Monkey Time" commands listeners to do the monkey. en.wiktionary.org
- Later lyrics mention the monkey alongside the swim, in Bobby Freeman's "C'mon and Swim" (1964). en.wiktionary.org
- Later lyrics list the monkey alongside the pony, slop and boogaloo, specifically the "boogaloo twist", in Loudon Wainwright III's "Suicide Song" (1971). en.wiktionary.org
- Exodus released "The Toxic Waltz" in 1989. en.wikipedia.org
- "The Toxic Waltz" portrays the monkey as a dance that is no longer cool. en.wikipedia.org
- 13An unattractive person, especially one whose face supposedly resembles a monkey's.
Schoolyard bullies branded the new boy a monkey for his jutting ears.
The gossip columnist sneered that the singer had been a real monkey before the surgery.
- 14Any simian primate: a broad use of the word that, in this sense, takes in humans as well.
- 15A vulgar slang word for the penis.
- 16In sidecar racing, the passenger carried in the sidecar beside the motorcycle's rider.
- 17A king, queen or jack; a face card, especially in blackjack.
- 18In a drop hammer or pile driver, the heavy weight that is lifted and released to deliver each blow.
- 19A fluid of hydrochloric acid and zinc, used in soldering.
- 20On board ship, the container in which a mess is issued its full ration of grog.
- 21A type of small merchant vessel in use during the sixteenth century.
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Origin
The origin is uncertain. It may derive from 'monk' plus the diminutive suffix '-ey', or be borrowed from Middle Low German 'Moneke', the name of Martin the Ape's son in Reynard the Fox. It has also been linked to Romance forms such as Middle French 'monne' and Old French 'monnekin', possibly going back through Italian and Spanish to Arabic 'maymūn' ('baboon'); alternatively, Old French 'monnekin' may instead come from Early Middle Dutch 'mannekin' ('little man').
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 7 facts
- The origin of monkey is uncertain. en.wiktionary.org
- Monkey may derive from monk plus a diminutive suffix. repozytorium.amu.edu.pl
- A proposed origin connects monkey with Middle Low German Moneke, Martin the Ape's son in Reynard the Fox. en.wikipedia.org
- Proposed Romance connections include Middle French monne and Old French monnekin. en.wiktionary.org
- The French forms may ultimately derive through Italian and Spanish from Arabic maymūn. en.wiktionary.org
- Arabic maymūn means baboon. en.wiktionary.org
- An alternative explanation derives Old French monnekin from Early Middle Dutch mannekin, meaning little man. en.wiktionary.org