plant
Pluralplants
Pluralplants
Formsplants, planting, planted
- 1A living thing that grows in soil or water, usually makes its own food from sunlight, and cannot move about, such as a tree, flower, or grass.
Each plant in the greenhouse was labeled with its species name.
Most plants produce their own food from sunlight in their leaves.
UsageIn everyday talk plants often means smaller things like flowers and houseplants, as opposed to trees.
- 2A factory, or other industrial or institutional building or facility, where production or operations take place.
The automotive plant runs three shifts a day.
Workers at the bottling plant went on strike over pay.
UsageUsually after its product or purpose: a bottling plant, a power plant, a steel plant.
Similarfactory, facility, works, mill
Note
With the definite article it becomes the local workplace everyone knows: my dad worked at the plant for 27 years. It counts like any building, one plant or three, which sets it apart from the machinery sense.
- 3To put seeds or young plants in the ground to grow, or to fill an area with plants.
Farmers plant wheat in early fall.
He planted an oak sapling near the pond.
UsageYou plant seeds or young trees, or plant a bed with roses.
Oppositeuproot
Note
What goes into the soil can be a seed or something already growing, such as a sapling, and the synonym seed fits only the first case.
- 4To place an object or person somewhere secretly, often in order to deceive or mislead others.
An informant planted a microphone inside the office.
Rivals attempted to plant false rumors in the press.
Similarhide, conceal, place, insert, slip
Note
A planted story is one fed to the press on purpose, such as a public-relations piece designed for damage limitation, and a planted gun is evidence put where it will mislead. Deceit is usually implied rather than stated, so "planted there by the real murderer" accuses without any further word. Its noun is the incriminating object.
- 5Machinery, equipment, and other supplies of the kind used in heavy industry, light industry, earthmoving, or construction.
The construction firm leases plant rather than buying it outright.
Operators must be trained before using heavy plant.
UsageNo a or plural here: heavy plant, a lot of plant; a plant usually means a factory.
Note
A refrigeration plant is usually a facility or a whole installation, while refrigeration plant with no article is the machinery itself. Capital equipment comes close in meaning.
- 6To put or set something firmly in place, especially into the ground.
The crew planted markers across the field.
Engineers plant steel supports into the bedrock for stability.
Note
The literal setting-down stretches in both directions. Richard Laymon's Savage (1993) says a girl's grandparents were planted in a graveyard, a blunt, informal way of saying buried. William Cowper's "Light Shining out of Darkness" (1774) goes toward the sublime, with a God who plants his footsteps in the sea. Between them lie the ordinary uses: posts, markers and supports driven into the ground.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- Richard Laymon wrote Savage, first published in 1993. openlibrary.org
- Savage describes a girl's grandparents as planted in a graveyard. en.wiktionary.org
- William Cowper wrote the poem entitled Light Shining out of Darkness. en.wikipedia.org
- Light Shining out of Darkness was first published in 1774. rpo.library.utoronto.ca
- The poem depicts God planting his footsteps in the sea. en.wikipedia.org
- 7To introduce and establish the first principles or seeds of something, such as an idea or belief.
The speech planted doubt in the minds of the voters.
Early lessons plant values that shape a whole life.
UsageUsually plant an idea, a doubt or a seed in someone's mind.
Similarsow, instill, implant, seed, introduce
Note
The sense can work inside one person's mind or across a whole community. To plant Christianity among the heathen is to establish a faith where it was not held before. That phrasing, with among, has an old missionary ring.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The example “plant Christianity among the heathen” means to introduce and establish the faith. en.wiktionary.org
- 8Any organism that grows on soil or similar surfaces, including both plants and fungi.
The children pointed at the toadstools beside the path and asked what kind of plant they were.
Foragers gathered any useful plant from the woods, mushrooms and herbs together.
Note
Biologists reject this usage as inaccurate, since it groups living things by where they grow rather than by what they are. It persists in practical writing, such as warnings that wild mushrooms are plants that are hard to identify and that some are poisonous.
Less common meanings
- 9An object placed in secret in order to make suspicion fall on a particular person.
The defense argued that the bloody glove was a plant.
Investigators dismissed the threatening letter as a plant.
Note
The noun for what the deceptive verb does: the gun, glove or letter someone else has hidden. Its natural home is the indignant denial (It's a plant! I've never seen it before!) and the defense case, where calling evidence a plant accuses someone of putting it there.
- 10A person secretly placed among others, such as in a group or audience, to spy or to act a planned part.
A plant inside the protest group reported back to investigators.
The operation relied on a plant who blended in with the crowd.
Similarmole, infiltrator
Note
Planting works on people as well as objects, and the noun follows: someone put in position to pass as an ordinary member of the public. In policing it means an undercover presence. The same idea, played for laughs, gives the comedian's or magician's plant hidden in the audience. In both, the point is that the onlookers do not know who has been placed among them.
- 11To furnish a place with a fixed, organized population; to settle or establish a community.
The crown planted settlers along the contested border.
The settlers sailed with tools, livestock, and their families, determined to plant a lasting colony on the far shore.
Similarestablish, settle, found, colonize
Note
Settlement imagined as gardening. Francis Bacon's essay "Of Plantations" (1625) compares the planting of countries to the planting of woods. The verb takes the colony or the settlers as its object (to plant a colony, to plant settlers along a border), and it carries the idea of a population set down to take root and stay.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Francis Bacon wrote "Of Plantations", first published in 1625. en.wikipedia.org
- The essay compares planting countries to planting woods. gutenberg.org
- 12To set up or install something, or to put someone into a position or office.
The committee moved to plant a loyal ally in the chairman's seat.
The new regime planted loyal officials throughout the ministry.
Similarinstall, place, put, position, appoint
Note
Shakespeare's Richard the Third uses it of the throne: "We will plant some other in the throne." The sense keeps that flavor of installing a person in a seat of power by someone else's design. As a result, "plant a loyal ally" hints at maneuvering in a way that install or appoint would not.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Richard the Third is a play by William Shakespeare. en.wiktionary.org
- The quoted words occur in Richard III, referring to installing someone on the throne; Buckingham speaks them in Act III, scene vii. shakespeare.mit.edu
- 13A scheme or trick intended to swindle or deceive someone.
It wasn’t a bad plant that of mine, on Fikey, the man accused of forging the Sou’ Westeru Railway debentures—it was only t’ other day—because the reason why? I’ll tell you.
1850, Charles Dickens, “A Detective Police Party”Similarscam, con, swindle, trick, ruse
Note
Slang now dated, and not only the swindler's. In Charles Dickens's "A Detective Police Party" in Household Words (1850), the speaker boasts that it wasn't a bad plant, that of his, on Fikey, a man accused of forgery. The construction is a plant on someone, a scheme laid against a person, and it can be the detective's trap as easily as the crook's trick.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- Charles Dickens wrote A Detective Police Party for Household Words. djo.org.uk
- The article was first published in 1850, specifically on 27 July. gutenberg.org
- The speaker, Inspector Wield, boasts of his plant on Fikey, who is described as accused of forgery. gutenberg.org
- The passage uses plant on someone for a detective's deceptive scheme. gutenberg.org
- 14In snooker, a shot in which the cue ball strikes one ball into another so the second is potted.
He attempted a difficult plant to pot the red into the corner pocket.
With the reds packed tight, he spotted a plant, nudging one red into another so the second dropped into the corner pocket.
Note
Snooker players also call it a set, and the verbs around it show how chancy it is. A player risks or attempts a plant, and a misjudged one can go badly astray, splitting the reds rather than potting one. The ball that drops is the second, not the one the cue ball strikes, which is what separates it from an ordinary pot.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- A plant is also called a set. en.wiktionary.org
- An unsuccessful plant can scatter the reds instead of potting one. en.wiktionary.org
- In the specified shot, the second object ball is potted. en.wiktionary.org
- 15A young tree or sapling; by extension, a stick or staff.
Take, Shepherd, take a Plant of ſtubborn Oak; / And labour him with many a ſturdy ſtroke: / Or with hard Stones, demoliſh from afar / His haughty Creſt, the feat of all the War.
1694, “The Third Book of Virgil's Georgicks”, in John DrydenNote
Closest to the word's Old English meaning, a young tree newly set: a sapling, and then the stick cut from one. John Dryden's translation of the third book of Virgil's Georgics (1694) hands a shepherd a plant of stubborn oak to strike with, which shows the staff sense in action. The usage is obsolete; a modern writer would say sapling, stick or cudgel.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- Old English plante meant a young tree or newly planted herb. en.wiktionary.org
- Book III first appeared in The Annual Miscellany in 1694; the complete translation appeared in 1697. Specify Book III to retain 1694. celm.folger.edu
- Dryden's Book III tells a shepherd to use a plant of stubborn oak as a striking weapon, illustrating the stick or staff sense. en.wikisource.org
- 16A concealed stash or cache of goods.
Note
Long out of use, this slang survives only in older writing. There a plant is something hidden away to be recovered later, not something hidden to incriminate. A modern reader will reach first for the incriminating object, so in period texts the context of goods stashed and returned to tells the two apart. In current English, stash or cache says it.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Plant has a historical slang sense meaning hidden goods, distinct from an object planted to incriminate someone. en.wiktionary.org
- The historical usage includes recovering goods previously hidden. gutenberg.net.au
- 17A spot or pitch in the street from which a trader sells goods.
Note
Old British street-selling slang, now out of use. Pitch is the word that does the job today. When reading older accounts of hawkers and street traders, take a plant as a place to sell from, not as a person or a trick, though the same slang also used the word for a prearranged swindle.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- Plant historically meant a street trader's selling position in British slang. en.wiktionary.org
- 18The flat underside, or sole, of the foot.
Knotty legs, and plants of clay, / Seek for eaſe, or love delay.
1611, Ben Jonson, “Oberon, the Faery Prince”Note
A body word that has dropped out of English. Ben Jonson could still write "Knotty legs, and plants of clay" in Oberon, the Faery Prince (1616), meaning clumsy, earthbound feet. Readers meet it only in older verse. In modern writing it would be read as the green, growing sense, so the safe word today is sole. It comes from the same Latin planta as every other sense of the word.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- Plant meaning the sole of the foot is obsolete. en.wiktionary.org
- Ben Jonson wrote Oberon, the Faery Prince. luminarium.org
- The quotation reads exactly 'Knotty legs, and plants of clay'. luminarium.org
- The masque was first published in 1616; 1611 is its performance year. en.wikipedia.org
- The quotation evokes cumbersome, earthbound feet. luminarium.org
- The foot sense shares the Latin source planta with the other senses. en.wiktionary.org
- 19A system, such as a motor, whose behavior is regulated by a separate control system.
- 20An oyster raised in a cultivated bed, or a young oyster fit for moving to such a bed.
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Practice
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Origin
The noun comes from Middle English and Old English plante (a young tree, shrub, or newly planted herb), from Proto-West Germanic *plantu, from Latin planta ("sprout, shoot, cutting"); the broader sense of vegetation generally came through Old French plante. The verb comes from Old English plantian, from Latin plantāre, later influenced by Old French planter. It is a doublet of clan, and the factory and machinery senses developed from the Latin idea of something that produces.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- The noun descends through Middle English and Old English plante and Proto-West Germanic *plantu from Latin planta, with the stated meanings. en.wiktionary.org
- The general vegetation sense came through Old French plante. en.wiktionary.org
- The verb derives from Old English plantian and Latin plantāre, with later Old French influence. en.wiktionary.org
- Plant and clan are doublets. en.wiktionary.org
- The factory and machinery senses developed from the Latin idea of something that produces. en.wiktionary.org