queen
Pluralqueens
Pluralqueens
Formsqueens, queening, queened
- 1A woman who rules a country in her own right, or the wife or widow of a king.
The queen ruled the nation for over fifty years.
Each queen in the dynasty expanded the kingdom's borders.
UsageCapitalize before a name: Queen Elizabeth. Use queen regnant to make clear that she rules in her own right.
Similarmonarch, sovereign, ruler
Oppositeking
Note
The title can be a woman's own or come to her through marriage to a king. Thomas Lupton writes of Queen Elizabeth in 1582, and Sam Knight in 2017 calls the sovereign simply the Queen, head of state across most of the early Commonwealth. The Latin Regina serves for both roles.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- A queen may rule in her own right or hold the title through marriage to a king. en.wikipedia.org
- Thomas Lupton refers to Queen Elizabeth in The Christian Against the Jesuite. en.wiktionary.org
- Lupton's The Christian Against the Jesuite was published in 1582. en.wikisource.org
- Sam Knight's 2017 article calls Elizabeth II the Queen and describes her as head of state in most Commonwealth members at her accession. theguardian.com
- Regina can refer to either a queen consort or a queen regnant. en.wiktionary.org
- 2Relating to a queen-size bed or bedding, a standard size larger than a full and smaller than a king.
She ordered queen sheets to fit the new mattress.
A queen frame fits most medium-sized bedrooms comfortably.
UsageGoes right before the noun: queen sheets, a queen frame. Elsewhere say queen-size.
Similarqueen-size, queen-sized
- 3A woman, or a thing, regarded as the finest, leading, or most powerful of its kind or in its field.
Critics crowned her the queen of contemporary jazz.
For decades she reigned as the undisputed queen of fashion design.
UsageUsually the queen of + a field: the queen of jazz, the queen of mystery novels.
- 4A girl or woman chosen to preside in an honorary or ceremonial role over a festivity, as a prom queen or homecoming queen.
Voted homecoming queen, she rode at the front of the parade.
The festival's queen lit the bonfire to open the celebration.
UsageUsually after the event's name: prom queen, homecoming queen, festival queen.
- 5The reproductive female in a colony of social insects such as ants, bees, termites, or wasps.
When the old queen dies, the colony raises a new one from a larva.
Each hive depends on a single queen for all its offspring.
- 6The most powerful chess piece, able to move any number of squares horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.
He sacrificed his queen to force checkmate two moves later.
Trapping the opponent's queen early gave her a decisive edge.
Note
Its sweeping range belongs to the modern game, but the piece has long been the reward for a pawn that gets all the way across the board. Iames Rowbothum's 1562 translation of Damiano da Odemira says such a pawn "is chosen and made the best piece of the playe, to wit, he is the Quene." That move became the verb for promotion. Players also call the piece the lady or the dame.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- The queen acquired its sweeping movement in the development of modern chess. en.wikipedia.org
- Promotion to a queen has a long history. en.wikipedia.org
- The English translation attributed to Iames Rowbothum was published in 1562 and derives from Damiano da Odemira. en.wiktionary.org
- The source reads “playe,” not “play.” Restore that spelling or explicitly identify the quotation as modernized. en.wiktionary.org
- The chess verb queen denotes promoting a pawn to a queen. en.wiktionary.org
- 7Short for drag queen: a performer, usually a man, who entertains in flamboyant women's clothing, wigs and makeup.
Backstage, the queen adjusted her wig before the final number.
Three queens headlined the cabaret that night.
Note
Inside drag culture the clipped noun is standard, and its world shows in the talk around it. Steven J. Hopkins writes of Talent Nights, bookings, reputations and "the success of a queen." Context does the work the dropped drag once did. It also keeps the performer's title apart from the older term for gay men, which sounds identical but carries a different charge.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- Queen in the performer sense is an ellipsis of drag queen. en.wiktionary.org
- Steven J. Hopkins discusses Talent Nights, bookings and reputation, using the words “the success of a queen.” en.wiktionary.org
- The gay-male sense is older and can carry derogatory connotations. en.wikipedia.org
- 8A playing card depicting a queen, generally ranking just below the king and above the jack in its suit.
Playing the queen of spades, she dumped thirteen penalty points on her opponent.
Two queens in his opening hand gave him a strong start.
UsageWith of + suit: the queen of hearts, the queen of spades.
Note
The middle of the three court cards, between king and jack, and English has long played on its royalty. Alexander Pope's The Rape of the Lock (1714) gives the "four fair Queens" a flower, "th' expressive emblem of their softer pow'r." Poker writers such as Lou Krieger count it among the high cards that can turn up on a later round. Card players sometimes call it the lady.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- There are three court cards in each suit of a standard deck. en.wikipedia.org
- The queen ordinarily ranks between the king and jack. en.wikipedia.org
- Alexander Pope wrote The Rape of the Lock, whose description of card queens includes the quoted words and flower. rpo.library.utoronto.ca
- Lou Krieger discusses a queen among higher cards that an opponent might catch on a later poker round. en.wiktionary.org
- 9
- 10An attractive woman; in affectionate slang, a man's female romantic partner.
He posted a photo with his queen on their anniversary.
Happy anniversary to my queen, the woman who still makes my heart race after ten years together.
UsageOften used with a possessive for a partner: my queen, his queen.
Similargirlfriend, partner, beauty, babe
Note
Slang that has drifted from looks to loyalty. When Franklin P. Adams wrote in 1914 that the shows are "full of queens," he meant good-looking women. In Camika Spencer's When All Hell Breaks Loose (1997), "when I find my queen" means a partner.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The Adams quotation is found in By and Large, first published in 1914. openlibrary.org
- Adams wrote that the shows are full of queens, using queens for attractive women. en.wiktionary.org
Less common meanings
- 11The Virgin Mary, especially as honored in titles such as Queen of Heaven or Queen of Glory.
The cathedral's altar was dedicated to the Queen of Heaven.
In May, the children crowned a statue of Mary as Queen of the May.
Note
A devotional title rather than a description, and it lives in set phrases: Queen of Heaven, Queen of Glory. Joseph Swetnam, writing as Thomas Tell-Troth in 1615, stretches the pattern to "Queen of all womankind the Virgin Mary." Outside such phrases, Christian writers call her the Madonna, the Blessed Virgin or the Mother of God.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Joseph Swetnam published the relevant work in 1615 under the pseudonym Thomas Tell-Troth. en.wikipedia.org
- Swetnam calls Mary Queen of all womankind; the quotation modernizes spelling and punctuation. pages.uoregon.edu
- 12To promote a pawn to a queen, typically when it advances to the opponent's back rank.
He advanced the pawn and chose to queen it for maximum power.
She queened her pawn and put his king in check.
UsageThe pawn can be the object or the subject: queen a pawn, or the pawn queens.
Similarpromote
Note
The verb takes the pawn as its subject as readily as the player. Pawns are stopped "from queening," and a side "queens first, or queens with check," in Yasser Seirawan's Winning Chess Endings. The word matters most in endgames where both sides race to promote. The history lies with the chess piece.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Yasser Seirawan wrote Winning Chess Endings. simonandschuster.com
- Winning Chess Endings contains both quoted expressions, referring to competing pawn promotions. en.wiktionary.org
- 13Slang for a gay man, especially one regarded as effeminate, often derogatory from outsiders but used warmly within gay culture.
They mocked the new recruit, calling him a queen behind his back.
Old letters reveal how often he was dismissed as a queen by his rivals.
Similarfairy, pansy, sissy, poof
Note
Register is everything with this sense. From outsiders it has long been an insult, but use within the community can be warm. Bebe Scarpi, writing in Gay in 1974, praises Sylvia as "one gutsy queen," and David Bowie's "Queen Bitch" (1971) uses it from inside the scene. Compare the drag performer.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Bebe Scarpi wrote in Gay in 1974. en.wiktionary.org
- Scarpi praises Sylvia using the exact words “one gutsy queen.” en.wiktionary.org
- David Bowie's song “Queen Bitch” was first released in 1971. en.wikipedia.org
- The song presents the word from within a gay/drag milieu; this is an interpretation supported by its narrative viewpoint. en.wikipedia.org
- 14To make someone a queen, or figuratively to grant someone the status of a queen.
Note
The verb of crowning, literal or figurative. It takes the woman as its object. Perdita's "I'll queen it no inch farther" in Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale is a different use, the idiom queen it, to play the queen.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- The literal or figurative sense of making someone a queen is transitive, with the person made queen as its object. en.wiktionary.org
- Perdita says “I'll queen it no inch farther” in Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale. shakespeare.mit.edu
- The quoted wording is exact. shakespeare.mit.edu
- The quotation illustrates the separate idiom queen it, meaning to play or behave like a queen. en.wiktionary.org
- 15An adult female cat that is able to breed.
The breeder kept her best queen for the next litter.
A healthy queen can produce two or three litters in a single year.
UsageA breeders' word; for a pet, female cat is the ordinary phrase.
Oppositetom
Note
Cat breeders' vocabulary, paired with stud. A queen goes to the stud and comes home to be kept shut up "until all restlessness has left her," as Pacific Fancier advised in 1906. The word belongs to pedigree and cattery talk.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Pacific Fancier published this advice in 1906. en.wiktionary.org
- The quotation accurately describes keeping a queen confined after her return from the stud. en.wiktionary.org
- 16To serve as the queen bee of a colony, the female that lays nearly all of its eggs.
The nucleus should not be queened by a queen from any of the parent colonies.
1957, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (India), The Wealth of IndiaThey have all been queened by imported stock, or the best of home-bred mothers.
1882, E. L. Briggs, “Development of ‘The Coming Bee’”Note
Beekeepers use this verb mostly in the passive. A hive is "queened by imported stock," and a nucleus "should not be queened by a queen from any of the parent colonies." That passive blurs it with supplying a new queen, since a colony queened by a bee has also been given one. The difference lies in whether the bee or the beekeeper is the agent.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- The quoted phrase “queened by imported stock” is attested. en.wiktionary.org
- The quotation about queening a nucleus accurately reproduces the source. en.wiktionary.org
- 17To supply a bee colony with a new queen bee.
Beekeepers often queen a struggling hive to boost its numbers.
He queened the colony with a mated queen bought from a breeder.
Oppositedequeen
Note
The beekeeper's verb, whose noun queening names the whole operation: "the queening is usually successful" when the right kind of queen is let straight in. A colony without one is queenless, and the opposite operation is to dequeen it. Typical objects are colonies, divisions and whole apiaries.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- The quoted wording is attested. en.wiktionary.org
- Direct introduction requires suitable conditions; a strange queen can be treated as an intruder. The quotation does not justify this generalization. somersetbeekeepers.org.uk
- A colony without a queen is queenless. en.wiktionary.org
- To dequeen a colony is to remove its queen. en.wiktionary.org
- 18In the game of carrom, the red disk that is the most valuable piece.
She pocketed the queen early but failed to cover it.
Sinking the queen is worth more than any other piece on the board.
- 19To receive oral sex by sitting on someone's face, usually with one's knees on either side of their head.
She queened her partner slowly, watching his reactions.
He asked her to queen him as part of their scene.
Similarface-sit
Note
Sexual slang used in BDSM, usually describing a woman, and framed as a posture of dominance. Lorelei's The Mistress Manual: The Good Girl's Guide to Female Dominance recommends it to reverse who feels in charge. Face-sit is the plainer equivalent. This sense is strictly erotic, and in any other setting it will be misread or give offense.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 6 facts
- The practice is associated with dominance. en.wikipedia.org
- Lorelei wrote The Mistress Manual: The Good Girl's Guide to Female Dominance. archive.org
- The publisher's description identifies the original self-published version as 1994. Wiktionary's 1996 citation is not the first-publication date. idl.overdrive.com
- The book recommends queening to change which partner feels in charge. en.wiktionary.org
- Face-sit is an equivalent verb. en.wiktionary.org
- This sense is erotic, but queen also has established nonsexual verb senses, including promoting a pawn in chess. en.wiktionary.org
- 20To act the part of a queen; to behave in a haughty, imperious manner.
Note
An obsolete verb whose living trace is the idiom queen it, with an empty it, as in lord it: to put on royal airs over others. The plain intransitive she queened is no longer said. To express the idea today, say she queened it over the household, or simply that she behaved imperiously.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- The bare intransitive sense meaning to behave imperiously is labelled obsolete. en.wiktionary.org
- Queen it means to behave like a queen or act superior. en.wiktionary.org
- The it in queen it is a placeholder. en.wiktionary.org
- Lord it is a parallel expression. en.wiktionary.org
- 21Short for queen post: either of a pair of upright timbers in a roof truss, set between the tie beam and the rafters.
Note
Builders once shortened queen post the way they shortened king post. Skyring's Builder's Prices (1811) lists a truss framed "with Kings and Queens." The pairing reflects the system, since a queen-post truss spans longer openings than a king-post truss. The clipped form is obsolete, so write queen post in full in any modern description of a roof truss.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Builders used queen and king as shortened forms of queen post and king post. en.wiktionary.org
- The comparison concerns complete trusses: a queen-post truss can span longer openings than a king-post truss. A queen post is a member within the truss. en.wikipedia.org
- 22The lemon sole, a kind of flatfish.
Note
An old common name for the fish that has dropped out of use. If you meet it in older writing on fish or markets, read it as lemon sole. That is the name to use now, since nothing in current English calls this fish a queen.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- In historical writing about fish, queen can mean lemon sole. plymsea.ac.uk
- 23A bed or mattress of the size that falls between a full (or double) and a king.
The guest room fits a queen, a dresser, and not much else.
She found a memory-foam queen on sale for half price.
UsageShort for queen-size bed or queen-size mattress.
Note
This is chiefly North American shorthand, clipped from queen-size bed or queen-size mattress. Used alone it names the bed itself (we finally bought a queen). Placed before another noun it sizes anything made to fit one, which is the adjective at work: queen sheets, a queen comforter, a queen frame. Its neighbors on the same scale are full, double and king.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The bed-size noun is shortened from queen-size bed or queen-size mattress. en.wiktionary.org
- Full and double name the same standard North American size, below queen; king is above queen. en.wikipedia.org
- 24An orange-brown American butterfly, Danaus gilippus, with black wing borders and white spots, closely related to the monarch.
- 25A small edible scallop (Aequipecten opercularis) of the northeastern Atlantic.
- 26Short for queen olive: a large, fleshy green olive, often pitted and stuffed, eaten as a snack or used in cocktails.
- 27A queen apple: one of a class of apples that ripen early and have red flesh.
- 28A large size of roofing slate.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origin
It comes from Middle English quene and Old English cwēn ("queen"), tracing back through Proto-Germanic *kwēniz ("woman") to Proto-Indo-European *gʷénh₂s ("woman"). It is related to words like Swedish kvinna and Gothic qēns ("wife"), and over time it eclipsed the borrowed Latin-derived regina.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Queen descends from Middle English quene and Old English cwēn. en.wiktionary.org
- Its reconstructed ancestry includes Proto-Germanic *kwēniz and Proto-Indo-European *gʷénh₂s, glossed as woman. en.wiktionary.org
- Swedish kvinna is related to English queen. en.wiktionary.org
- Gothic qēns means wife and shares queen's Proto-Germanic ancestor. en.wiktionary.org
- Queen eclipsed Middle English regina, a borrowing from Latin. en.wiktionary.org