DictionaryAI

through

SayTHROO/θɹu/UK/θɹuː/
As a nounTHRUF

24 meanings of through

Practice

  1. 1
    preposition
    Into one side and out of the other side of a place, opening, passage or obstacle.

    The tunnel runs through the mountain.

    Light passed through the thin curtain.

    UsageDo not confuse through with threw (from throw) or thorough (careful and complete).

    Note

    The image the rest of the word builds on: in at one side, out at the other. Towns, legs and forests all take it, and the verb usually supplies the motion: drive, go, run. A doorway, window or gap takes it in just the same way: you walk through the door.

  2. 2
    by means ofpreposition
    By means of; by way of a person, method or medium.

    She built the business through careful saving.

    Most infections spread through contact.

    UsageOften names a route or helper: through an ad, through a friend, through hard work.

    Similarvia, by

    Note

    Means pictured as a route: success is reached through hard work the way a place is reached through a gate. Sports reporting has a compact idiom with it that names the scorer: the home side were ahead in the eighth minute through Oxlade-Chamberlain. When the noun after it is a reason rather than an instrument, as in failed through lack of investment, it belongs to the cause sense.

    Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 1 fact

    • Oxlade-Chamberlain put the home side ahead in the eighth minute, as described in the football example. en.wiktionary.org
  3. 3
    preposition
    So as to move or progress within something toward its end, or partway along it, as in 'halfway through the film'.

    I scrolled through hundreds of listings before finding an apartment I actually liked.

    She's plowing through a stack of essays.

    UsageCommon with look, scroll and work your way: look through old photos; also halfway through.

  4. 4
    to and includingprepositionCanadaUS
    To and including, with everything in between; until the end of.

    Sizes six through twelve are on the lower shelf.

    The sale runs through the end of the month.

    UsageIncludes the last item: Monday through Friday, chapters one through four. Elsewhere Monday to Friday is usual.

    Similarto, until

    Note

    A North American way of closing a range so that the last item is plainly included: 1945 through 1991, the numbers 1 through 9. With a single date it means up to the end of that point: membership active through March 15, patent requests through 2016.

  5. 5
    pushing amongpreposition
    Amid or surrounded by something while moving.

    They fought their way through the undergrowth.

    A whale glided through the dark water.

    UsageOften with effort verbs: push your way through, wade through, slog through.

    Note

    The mover is surrounded the whole way, and the verb tells you how hard the going is: slog through mud, wade through paperwork, walk through crowds. Nothing has to be exited or broken past; the point is the medium pressing round. Figurative uses keep the effort, so wading through paperwork describes a day's drudgery, not a crossing.

  6. 6
    preposition
    Used after verbs such as be, go and live to show that someone experiences or endures something, especially something hard or painful.

    She is going through a painful divorce and leans on her friends.

    After everything the family had been through that year, they finally had a quiet Thanksgiving.

    UsageMostly go through or live through: been through a lot. Go through with means doing something planned.

  7. 7
    whole periodpreposition
    For the whole duration of a stretch of time, from beginning to end.

    The shop stays open through the winter.

    He dozed through the second act.

    UsageCommon with sleep, work and sit: slept through the night, sat through the meeting.

    Similarthroughout, during

    Note

    Time treated as a stretch to be crossed from start to finish, as when someone works through the night. With sit, the phrase adds endurance: sitting through a meeting you would rather have missed. Keep it apart from the North American range sense, Monday through Friday, which marks the included end point of a series rather than the whole length of one period.

  8. 8
    because ofpreposition
    As a result of; owing to.

    The match was abandoned through bad light.

    She missed the exam through no fault of her own.

    UsageCommon in through no fault of your own and through lack of something.

  9. 9
    preposition
    Across the whole extent of; in every part of.

    Small coffee shops are scattered through the old part of town.

    The same theme runs all through her novels.

    UsageOften all through: all through the car; throughout can usually replace it.

    Similarthroughout

    Note

    Here the word describes spread rather than a journey: nothing enters and leaves, and something is simply present everywhere inside something else. Kitchen instructions use it for mixing, as in work the eggs and sugar through, where the aim is even distribution. Contrast passing in and out, which needs a way in and a way out.

  10. 10
    adverb
    From beginning to end, or from where you are to the end.

    Read the instructions through before you start.

    It's a long course, but I mean to see it through.

    UsageSet phrase see it through. It can follow a time phrase: the whole night through.

    Similarthoroughly

    Note

    This sense carries a task or a stretch of time to its end: she read the letter through, he worked straight through.

  11. 11
    break pastadverb
    So as to overcome an obstacle or barrier and pass beyond it.

    Snow blocked the pass for a week before the plows got through.

    Their defense held, and nobody broke through.

    UsageMostly with get, break or push: cars can't get through.

Practice

Can you tell the meanings of through apart? Answer 3 quick questions from this page, or write your own sentence and AI will check it.

Origins

Meanings 1–22

This sense comes from Middle English "thrugh," a rearranged form of "thurgh," from Old English "þurh," and ultimately from Proto-Germanic "*þurhw" and a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to pass through." It is related to Dutch "door," German "durch," and Latin "trans" ("across, through").

Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts

  • Through derives from Middle English thrugh, a metathesized form of thurgh, from Old English þurh. en.wiktionary.org
  • Old English þurh derives from Proto-Germanic *þurhw and ultimately a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to pass through'. en.wiktionary.org
  • Through is cognate with Dutch door and German durch. en.wiktionary.org
  • Through is related to Latin trans, meaning 'across, through'. en.wiktionary.org
Meaning 23

Proto-Indo-European had a root meaning "to rub, turn, drill, or bore," which led to Proto-Germanic *þrūhs ("excavated trunk, trough"). This became Old English þrūh, which could mean a trough, conduit, or pipe, a box or chest, or a coffin or tomb, and then Middle English thrugh.

Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts

  • A Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to rub, turn, drill, bore” gave rise to Proto-Germanic *þrūhs. en.wiktionary.org
  • Proto-Germanic *þrūhs denoted hollowed wood or a trough. en.wiktionary.org
  • Proto-Germanic *þrūhs became Old English þrūh, with the listed meanings. en.wiktionary.org
  • Old English þrūh developed into Middle English thrugh. en.wiktionary.org