white
Noun pluralwhites
Pluralwhites
- 1
- 2Relatively light or pale in color, including skin that has not been tanned by the sun.
The recipe calls only for the white part of the leek.
I always ask for the white meat when we carve the turkey.
UsageOften in fixed pairs that name the paler kind: white wine, white meat, white bread.
Oppositedark
Note
Much of the word's everyday vocabulary lives here, in names for things that are only pale. White wine and white grapes are neither of them snow-white. In such fixed pairings the word marks the lighter member of a contrast rather than an exact color, which is how the noun for wine can stand opposite red.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- White wine is not snow-white. en.wikipedia.org
- White grapes are not snow-white. en.wikipedia.org
- 3Belonging to or relating to a racial group of people with light-colored skin, chiefly of European descent (official definitions vary, as in US census categories).
The neighborhood was historically white and working-class.
Census forms in many countries ask whether a person identifies as white.
SimilarCaucasian
Note
It names a social and racial group, not an exact shade, and where the group's edges fall differs from one country's official forms to another's.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- White denotes a social and racial group rather than an exact skin shade. census.gov
- Official classifications differ between countries, including whether particular groups fall within White. cy.ons.gov.uk
- 4The color of snow or milk; also, a paint or pigment of this color.
The designer chose white for the entire reception room.
Against the dark sky, the white of the clouds stood out sharply.
UsageDressed in white usually takes no article; a white names one shade: a warm white.
Oppositeblack
Note
As a color noun it works both ways. Uncountable, it names the color itself: Andrew Martin's Underground Overground (2012) has Tube platforms "tiled in white". Countable, it names a shade or kind, as in a warm white or several whites to choose from.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Andrew Martin wrote Underground Overground. profilebooks.com
- The book was first published in 2012. profilebooks.com
- The book describes Tube platforms using the exact words "tiled in white". en.wiktionary.org
- 5A light-skinned person of European ancestry or origin.
Among the early settlers, the whites formed a small minority.
He was the only white living in that part of the city.
UsageThe adjective is the more neutral choice (white people, white voters); the noun whites names the group directly.
SimilarCaucasian
Note
The noun is a word for people counted in groups. Conan Doyle's The Lost World (1912) has "we four whites". Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow (2010) moves from "white voters" to "whites who remained resentful".
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Arthur Conan Doyle wrote The Lost World. gutenberg.org
- The Lost World was first published in 1912. en.wikipedia.org
- The Lost World contains the exact phrase “we four whites”. gutenberg.org
- Michelle Alexander wrote The New Jim Crow, first published in 2010. mediaimpactfunders.org
- The New Jim Crow moves from “white voters” to “whites who remained resentful” in the same sentence. scollingsworthenglish.com
- 6The albumen of a bird's egg; the clear part surrounding the yolk that turns white when cooked.
Whisk the white until stiff for the meringue.
The recipe uses only the white, not the yolk.
UsageSay egg white or the white of an egg; you separate it from the yolk.
- 7Wine that is pale or golden in color rather than red.
He prefers a crisp white with seafood.
A chilled white pairs well with summer meals.
UsageA glass of white, a bottle of white; a crisp white for one wine.
Oppositered
Note
Wine talk drops the noun and keeps the color: a bottle of white, a bottle of red. Billy Joel's "Scenes from an Italian Restaurant" (1977) pairs them exactly that way.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- “Scenes from an Italian Restaurant” is a Billy Joel song. en.wikipedia.org
- The song was released in 1977. billyjoel.com
- The song pairs “a bottle of white” and “a bottle of red” exactly as described. billyjoel.com
- 8Any object or substance whose color is white.
She keeps her whites in a separate basket so they never pick up color from her jeans.
Wash the whites on a hot cycle and the darks on cold.
UsageLaundry is sorted into whites and darks.
Oppositeblack
Note
Context does the work in this noun: it names a thing by color alone and leaves the setting to say what the thing is, whether a flower, a shirt or a stone. Where the color noun names the shade itself, this one names whatever wears it. Egg white, a glass of white and the white of the eye are the same habit settled on one thing.
- 9Containing no characters; describing the blank areas of a page or screen.
The typesetter added a white line between the two stanzas to separate them.
Good designers leave white space around a headline to draw the reader's eye.
UsageMostly in white space.
Note
Printers treat the blank as part of the design, and this is their word for it. It is most at home in the compound white space, which covers the gaps between words and lines and the margins around them.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Blank space is treated as an element of page design. en.wikipedia.org
Less common meanings
- 10Pale or pallid in the face, as from fear or illness.
He turned white at the sight of blood.
Her lips were white from the cold and the shock.
UsageAfter turn or go, and with with for the cause: she went white, white with fear.
Similarpale, pallid, ashen, wan
Note
Shock shows as this color on the face, and especially on the lips. Byron, in Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, has the alarm whispered "with white lips".
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Lord Byron wrote Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. gutenberg.org
- The poem describes frightened citizens whispering an alarm "with white lips". gutenberg.org
- 11The sclera; the white outer part of the eye surrounding the iris.
Jaundice can turn the white of the eye yellow.
The doctor examined the whites of both eyes.
UsageUsually the white of the eye or the whites of someone's eyes.
Note
Sclera is the anatomist's word; white is the everyday name. Conrad's Heart of Darkness (1899) gives a variant: "the white of their eyeballs glistening."
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Joseph Conrad wrote Heart of Darkness. gutenberg.org
- Heart of Darkness was first published in 1899. en.wikisource.org
- The quoted words occur exactly in Heart of Darkness, in Marlow's narration. gutenberg.org
- 12Covered with or marked by the presence of snow.
They dreamed of a white Christmas in the mountains.
By December the whole valley turns white.
UsageMostly in a white Christmas.
Similarsnowy
Oppositegreen
Note
Snow gives the word a seasonal use, most often attached to holidays: a white Christmas, a white Easter. The phrase describes the day by snow lying on the ground or falling on it.
- 13The player who controls the white set of pieces in a game such as chess.
White resigned once the rook ending became hopeless.
With the extra pawn, White slowly squeezed out a win.
UsageNo article and a singular verb: White resigns, White wins.
OppositeBlack
Note
Chess writing turns the side into a character: White plays, White resigns, White wins. Its partner throughout is Black, and its pieces are named by the adjective for the set.
- 14Belonging to the set of game pieces designated as the white side, regardless of the pieces' actual color.
She advanced her white knight to fork the queen and rook.
In this opening the white king castles early for safety.
Oppositeblack
Note
Chess names its sides by convention, not by paint: a set whose light pieces are green glass still has white pieces. The FIDE Laws of Chess (2023) set "the white pieces and pawns" on the first and second ranks. That phrasing shows a technical habit worth knowing, because in strict chess usage pieces can exclude pawns. The side's name passes to the player.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- The cited FIDE Laws of Chess are the 2023 version. handbook.fide.com
- The Laws use the exact phrase "the white pieces and pawns" and place them initially on the first and second ranks. handbook.fide.com
- Technical chess usage can exclude pawns from pieces. handbook.fide.com
- 15A bean of a pale or whitish variety, used in cooking.
Nearly two-thirds of the Idaho crop has been great northerns, one-sixth small reds, and the remainder small flat whites and pintos and seed for snap beans and baby limas (table 21).
1952, Columbia River and Tributaries, Northwestern United StatesNote
Growers and traders name beans by color and size. The 1952 report Columbia River and Tributaries, Northwestern United States lists "great northerns, one-sixth small reds, and the remainder small flat whites and pintos". In that trade register whites is a plural market class, sitting alongside reds and pintos.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Beans are marketed in classes identified by color and size. agmrc.org
- Columbia River and Tributaries, Northwestern United States was published in 1952. books.google.com
- The report contains the quoted wording, attributed to page 3764. en.wiktionary.org
- In this list, whites is a plural designation for beans, alongside reds and pintos. en.wiktionary.org
- 16Describing a political party or movement that is constitutionalist or opposed to revolution.
White forces controlled much of the south during the early years of the civil war.
The exiles remained loyal to the white faction long after defeat.
UsageUsually set against red: white armies against red ones.
Similarcounterrevolutionary, royalist
Oppositered
Note
Politics borrowed its colors in pairs, and white stands opposite red. Duff Cooper's Talleyrand (1932) runs a whole spectrum of opinion "from red republicanism to white reaction". In this use white marks the constitutional or counter-revolutionary side of a conflict, and it means little without the red it is set against.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 4 facts
- Duff Cooper wrote Talleyrand. groveatlantic.com
- Talleyrand was first published in 1932. groveatlantic.com
- Talleyrand contains the exact words "from red republicanism to white reaction", describing a range of political opinions; these are Cooper's narrative words. archive.org
- In the political sense discussed, white denotes constitutional or counter-revolutionary movements, opposed to red. en.wiktionary.org
- 17To make something white; to whiten or bleach it.
so as no fuller on earth can white them
1611, The Holy Bible, King James VersionIn a very few hours I arrived in a city that always makes me think of a whited sepulchre.
1899, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”Similarwhiten, bleach, whitewash
Note
Beside whiten and bleach the verb sounds biblical, and that is largely where it lives. The King James Bible of 1611 likens hypocrites to "whited sepulchres", beautiful outside and full of bones within, and says "no fuller on earth can white them." Conrad borrows the phrase in Heart of Darkness (1899) for a city, and whited sepulchre remains the form most readers know.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- The King James Bible was first published in 1611. wwwe.lib.cam.ac.uk
- The King James Bible compares hypocrites to "whited sepulchres", beautiful outside and full of bones within. biblegateway.com
- The King James Bible contains the exact words "no fuller on earth can white them." biblegateway.com
- Joseph Conrad uses the biblical phrase "whited sepulchre" for a city in Heart of Darkness; the character speaking is Marlow. gutenberg.org
- Heart of Darkness was first published in 1899. editions.covecollective.org
- 18Designated for use by white people only, as under historical racial segregation laws.
She was turned away from the white waiting room and sent to a smaller, shabbier one.
The town maintained separate white schools well into the 1960s.
Note
This is a word of segregation, now met mainly when that history is told. It once marked a facility as reserved: the white drinking fountain, the white hospital.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Segregation designations reserved facilities for the exclusive use of a racial group. blogs.loc.gov
- Drinking fountains were designated for white people only. gordonparksfoundation.org
- Hospitals were designated for white people only. digital.law.fordham.edu
- 19Bread made from refined, pale flour rather than whole grain.
She always toasts a slice of white for breakfast.
The shop sells more white than whole-wheat.
UsageOften on white: a sandwich on white.
Oppositebrown
- 20Containing added milk, cream, or creamer.
He ordered his coffee white, with plenty of milk.
She takes her tea white, with just a little milk.
UsageUse take your coffee white or white coffee. The opposite is black.
Oppositeblack
- 21Coffee served with milk or cream added.
I'll have a white, please, and a slice of cake.
She ordered a white at the coffee cart and waited by the counter.
UsageAsk for a white, or a white coffee.
Oppositeblack
- 22Cocaine, especially the powdered drug, in slang usage.
The detectives found a stash of white taped under the dashboard.
She swore off white after the second overdose scare.
Similarcoke, blow, snow, powder, charlie
Note
This is street slang on both sides of the Atlantic, used as a mass noun: you move white. It sits in lists with other drug names, as in "base, white, meth, weed" in Paul Matthew Thompson's Vera episode "Cuckoo" (2019). It runs through hip-hop from Bump J's "On The Run" (2004) to Central Cee's "Entrapreneur" (2023).
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- Paul Matthew Thompson wrote the Vera episode "Cuckoo", first broadcast on 20 January 2019. en.wikipedia.org
- The quoted list occurs in "Cuckoo"; Wiktionary attributes the dialogue to the character Tyler Lennon. en.wiktionary.org
- Bump J's "On the Run" was released in 2004. en.wikipedia.org
- "On the Run" uses "white" in the drug sense. en.wiktionary.org
- Central Cee's "Entrapreneur" was released in 2023. en.wikipedia.org
- "Entrapreneur" also uses "white" in the drug sense. en.wiktionary.org
- 23The cue ball (the ball struck by the cue to drive the other balls) in games such as pool and snooker.
He left the white tight against the cushion, leaving no clear shot.
A touch of side-spin sent the white spinning back down the table.
UsageUsually the white: where the white finishes.
Note
At the table the cue ball goes by its color. Players speak of where the white finishes or what it does off a cushion, keeping cue ball for more formal description.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The cue ball is typically white and is also called "the white". en.wikipedia.org
- 24Honorable and fair in conduct, and decent, kind, or generous toward other people.
White as thy fame, and as thy honour clear.
1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden"I meant to act white by you," he answered.
1913, Edith Wharton, The Custom of the CountryUsageSay decent, fair or generous instead.
Similardecent, honorable, fair
Note
Calling someone white once praised their character. Dryden's Persius (1693) already pairs a white fame with clear honor; by the nineteenth century a good man could be the whitest man I ever saw, or as white a man as I ever knew. Today it is rare and often offensive, since it equates being white with being good; fair, decent or generous says the same thing.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- Calling someone white historically praised their character. en.wiktionary.org
- The line is from Dryden's translation of Persius's Second Satire, published alongside the translations of Juvenal. divinity.duke.edu
- Dryden's translations of Juvenal and Persius were published in 1693. famineanddearth.exeter.ac.uk
- Dryden's translation associates white fame with clear honor. gutenberg.org
- The wording 'the whitest man I ever saw' appeared as praise by the nineteenth century. upload.wikimedia.org
- The wording 'as white a man as I ever knew' appeared as praise by the nineteenth century. gutenberg.org
- 25Said of a symbol or character that appears as an open outline, not filled in with color.
- 26Belonging to a religious order whose members wear white robes, especially the Cistercians.
- 27Lucky, happy, or free from trouble.
On the whole, however, the dominie reckoned this as one of the white days of his life.
1815, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering - 28Most beloved, as a cherished pet or favorite child is.
I am his white boy, and will not be gulled.
c. 1626, John Ford, Tis Pity She's a Whore - 29Of armor, made of plain polished steel plate without covering or paint.
- 30Any of a group of mostly white or pale yellow butterflies, such as the cabbage white, in the subfamily Pierinae.
- 31In snow golf, the packed snow or ice area around the hole, used in place of a green.
- 32The center of an archery target, once painted white.
- 33The inner space that a letter's strokes surround, like the hole in an o, mostly in script.
- 34One of the palest wing feathers of a male ostrich, prized in the plume trade.
Showing meanings only.
More uses
- whiteswhite clothes, such as those worn for cricket, tennis or cooking
Practice
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Origin
White comes from Middle English whit, from Old English hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "bright" or "shine." It is related to Dutch wit, German weiß, and Sanskrit śvetá ("white, bright").
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- White descends through Middle English whit and Old English hwīt from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz. en.wiktionary.org
- White ultimately derives from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning bright or shine. en.wiktionary.org
- White is related to Dutch wit and German weiß. en.wiktionary.org
- White is related to Sanskrit śvetá, meaning white or bright. en.wiktionary.org