sugar
Pluralsugars (some meanings)
Pluralsugars (some meanings)
Formssugars, sugaring, sugared
- 1A sweet crystalline substance made from sugar cane or sugar beet, used to sweeten food and drink; also, any particular kind of it, such as brown or powdered sugar.
The recipe calls for a cup of sugar and two eggs.
Refineries turn raw cane into the white sugar sold in stores.
UsageUse some sugar or a cup of sugar. In drink orders, two sugars means two servings.
- 2Any of various small carbohydrates that organisms use to store and release energy.
Like the fuel in a vehicle's tank: different blends, but all burned for energy.
Glucose and fructose are the most common sugars in ripe fruit.
Each sugar has a distinct molecular structure and level of sweetness.
UsageTakes a plural here: fruit sugars, simple sugars.
Note
In biochemistry the kitchen staple is only one member of a family. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides, sucrose is a disaccharide, and xylose, rhamnose and galactose turn up in traces. Scientists sort the family by behavior, speaking of reducing sugars, and nutritionists by source, speaking of free sugars. Plant sugars therefore means this whole range, not the crystals in the bowl.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides. openstax.org
- Table sugar is sucrose, a disaccharide. openstax.org
- Xylose, rhamnose and galactose occur in trace amounts in the plant free-sugar pool. en.wiktionary.org
- Reducing sugars are identified by chemical behavior. openstax.org
- Reducing sugars are classified by chemical behavior; free sugars is a separate designation concerning occurrence or source, not a parallel class of chemical behavior. ifst.org
- 3A single serving of the sweetener, typically about one teaspoon, used to sweeten a drink.
She stirred two sugars into her morning espresso.
I'll have a coffee with one sugar, please.
Note
In Groundhog Day (1993), Bill Murray's Phil rattles off a coffee order, "Skim milk, two sugar," clipping the plural the way quick orders often do.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Groundhog Day was released in 1993. en.wikipedia.org
- Bill Murray plays Phil Connors. sonypictures.com
- Phil, played by Bill Murray, says “Skim milk, two sugar” in the film. en.wiktionary.org
- 4To sweeten food or drink by adding the crystalline sweetener to it.
If the strawberries are tart, sugar them and let them sit for twenty minutes before serving.
He sugared his iced tea so heavily that his friends from up north could barely drink it.
Similarsweeten
- 5To make something unpleasant seem more acceptable than it really is.
Managers often sugar layoffs with talk of fresh opportunities.
He sugared his criticism so heavily that the point got lost.
UsageMost common in sugar the pill.
Note
The figurative verb is most at home in one idiom, sugar the pill: making something hard to swallow easier to take. Writers stretch the pill freely. Graham Fraser describes René Lévesque sugaring "the pill of independence" for his party. With a person as the object, it shades toward flattering someone: "I'm not in a mood to be sugared."
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 2 facts
- Graham Fraser describes René Lévesque leading his party through sugaring “the pill of independence.” en.wiktionary.org
- The quotation “I'm not in a mood to be sugared” is authentic. en.wiktionary.org
Less common meanings
- 6An affectionate name used to address a loved one.
Good morning, sugar, did you sleep well?
Come here, sugar, and give me a hug.
UsageUse it without a when addressing someone: 'Good morning, sugar.'
Similardarling, dear, babe, baby, sweetheart
- 7An informal name for diabetes, the condition marked by high blood sugar.
Grandpa has sugar, so he passes on the pie at every family dinner.
Ever since she found out she had sugar, Aunt Ruby carries snacks and checks her levels.
UsageUsually have sugar. In medical writing, use diabetes.
Similardiabetes
Note
Some speakers keep it apart from the medical name. In Sheila Hillier and David Kelleher's Researching Cultural Differences in Health, a man told he had "sugar" and diabetes took them as two separate illnesses.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Researching Cultural Differences in Health is a book edited by Sheila Hillier and David Kelleher. api.pageplace.de
- The book reports a male respondent interpreting sugar and diabetes as separate illnesses after his doctor's diagnosis. en.wiktionary.org
- 8Flattery or honeyed words used to disguise or soften something objectionable.
The memo was pure sugar, written to make the cutbacks sound generous.
Beneath all that sugar, the offer was a genuinely bad deal.
Similarflattery
- 9Any substance that resembles sugar in taste or appearance, especially a chemical compound so described.
Sugar of milk is now produced by partly chemical means from milk-whey, the product being about two and a half pounds per hundred pounds of whey.
1904, “Process of Making Milk Sugar”, in The American Sugar Industry and Beer Sugar GazetteNote
An older chemistry named sweet-tasting substances after the sweetener, using the pattern sugar of plus a source: sugar of lead, sugar of Saturn, sugar of milk. The names are dated now, and the resemblance could be dangerous. Sugar of lead, or lead acetate, is a poison that tastes sweet. Read them as historical labels: sugar of lead is no sugar at all, though sugar of milk, now called lactose, really is one.
Checked 31 Oct 2026 · 5 facts
- Older chemistry used sugar of lead as a name based on the compound's sweet taste. gutenberg.org
- Sugar of Saturn is a historical chemical name for sugar of lead. en.wiktionary.org
- Lead acetate is poisonous. m.cameochemicals.noaa.gov
- Sugar of lead is a chemical salt, rather than a sugar. en.wikipedia.org
- Sugar of milk is lactose and is a sugar. en.wiktionary.org
- 10To remove unwanted hair by spreading on and pulling off a paste made from sugar, water, and lemon juice.
The esthetician sugared her upper lip in a few quick motions.
They prefer to sugar rather than shave, since the results last longer.
- 11A mild exclamation used in place of a coarse swear word to express annoyance or dismay.
Like "fudge" or "shoot": a stand-in for a word you'd rather not say.
Sugar! I left the oven on all afternoon.
Sugar, that's the third time I've missed the bus today.
UsageOften used alone (Sugar!) or in Oh, sugar!
Similarshoot, drat, darn, blast
Note
A minced oath that starts out like the swear word it replaces and then swerves into the pantry. In Melinda Henneberger's If They Only Listened to Us (2007), a nun is so mild that this is what she shouts when annoyed.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Sugar is a minced oath replacing shit. en.wiktionary.org
- Melinda Henneberger wrote If They Only Listened to Us. simonandschuster.com
- The book describes a nun who shouts “Oh, sugar!” when annoyed. en.wiktionary.org
- 12In making maple sugar, to finish boiling the syrup down until it is thick enough to crystallize into granular sugar, usually expressed as 'sugar off.'
The sugarmakers worked through the night to sugar off the last batch of syrup.
When the syrup sheets off the spoon, it is nearly time to sugar off.
UsageAlmost always with off: sugar off a batch; the work is sugaring off.
Note
In Quebec and Ontario the sugaring-off season is a social occasion. The old test for when to stop appears in The Ohio Cultivator of 1851: drop some syrup into cold water, and when it breaks like glass, it is ready.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The Ohio Cultivator of 1851 describes testing syrup in cold water until it breaks like glass. en.wiktionary.org
- 13To compliment or flatter a person with pleasing words.
Similarflatter, compliment
- 14Affection shown through kisses or kissing.
He leaned in for some sugar before heading out the door.
Give me a little sugar, she said, tapping her cheek.
UsageComes as some sugar or a little sugar: give me some sugar.
Note
Slang that turns kisses into something you can ask for by the spoonful. The set phrase is give me some sugar, as in Bruce Campbell's "Gimme some sugar, baby" in Army of Darkness (1992). Unlike the pet name, it names what is given, not the person.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Army of Darkness first premiered in 1992. en.wikipedia.org
- The film contains the quoted line, spoken by Ash. en.wikiquote.org
- Bruce Campbell plays Ash, the character delivering the line. en.wikiquote.org
- 15
- 16
- 17An effeminate quality in a man, often taken to imply that he is homosexual.
Back home, folks would lower their voices and say a boy like that had some sugar in his tank.
In the small Georgia town where he grew up, any boy who liked to dance was said to have sugar in his tank.
UsageUsually in sugar in his tank or a little sugar in him. It mocks, so it is best kept to quotation.
Note
Southern US slang that works by insinuation. A man is said to have a little sugar in him, or, in a jeer aimed at a player's mannerisms, sugar in his pants. The image seems to play on sweetness as feminine, as in "sugar and spice." Because it hints at a man's sexuality instead of saying anything outright, it reads as mockery.
Checked 2 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The slang sense is associated chiefly with the southern United States. en.wiktionary.org
- The expression about sugar in a player's pants is documented as teasing prompted by his mannerisms. en.wiktionary.org
- 18A shortened form of blood sugar: the level of glucose in a person's blood, particularly as tested by someone who has diabetes.
Her sugar dropped halfway through the hike, so she stopped to eat a granola bar.
The nurse asked whether his sugar had been running high since he started the new medication.
UsageOften used with a possessive: her sugar dropped, check your sugar. Use blood sugar in formal writing for clarity.
Similarglucose
Note
It behaves like a reading, not a substance: someone's sugar runs high, drops, or gets checked. That grammar also separates it from sugar as a name for diabetes, which names the condition rather than a level.
- 19Features of a programming language that let code be written more concisely or read more easily, without adding any capability the language lacked.
- 20To rewrite source code using syntactic sugar, so that it reads more concisely while behaving exactly as it did before.
Sure, you could sugar the latter to look like the former (effectively implementing closures as objects), but it seems simpler to just allow the former.
2006, Neil Madden, “Re: Closures” - 21To apply a sugary mixture to tree trunks or plants in order to attract and trap moths.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
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Origin
Sugar came through Middle English 'sugre' from Old French 'çucre' and Old Italian 'zucchero', which was borrowed from Arabic 'sukkar'. This in turn came from Middle Persian via Gandhari from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā), tracing back to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'gravel'. It is a doublet of jaggery, and the verb comes from the noun.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 5 facts
- Sugar came through Middle English sugre, Old French çucre and Old Italian zucchero from Arabic sukkar. en.wiktionary.org
- Arabic sukkar came from Middle Persian, which borrowed the word from Gandhari, from Sanskrit śárkarā. en.wiktionary.org
- The word ultimately derives from a Proto-Indo-European form meaning gravel. en.wiktionary.org
- Sugar and jaggery are etymological doublets. en.wiktionary.org
- The verb derives from the noun. en.wiktionary.org