have
Pluralhaves
- 1To own or possess something, or to hold it or keep it with you or available for use.
We don't have a garden, just a balcony.
He had a large collection of stamps.
UsageQuestions and negatives usually take do: do you have a car? For owning, say I have a car (not
incorrect: I'm having a car).Similarown, possess, hold, keep
Oppositelack
Note
The core sense has a physical past. Owning began as keeping hold of what one had taken, which is why heave is a relative. Nearly every other use, down to the perfect auxiliary, borrows this frame.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Heave is etymologically related to have. en.wiktionary.org
- 2Used with a past participle to form the perfect aspect.
Have you seen this film?
By noon they had walked ten miles.
UsageShort forms are 've, 's and 'd: I've seen it. After could, would and should, write have: could have (not
incorrect: could of). - 3
- 4Used with a to-infinitive to mean must; to be obliged or required to.
Do we have to wear a tie?
They had to wait an hour for a table.
UsageDon't have to means it isn't necessary; mustn't means it isn't allowed.
Similarneed
- 5To experience or undergo something, including something that happens to you or to something of yours.
They had a terrible time at the border.
I hope you have a lovely holiday.
UsageCommon in wishes: have a good day, have a nice time, have fun.
Similarexperience, undergo
- 6To undertake or perform an action or activity, with a noun that names it.
We had a long talk about it.
Let me have a try.
UsagePairs with a + noun for one bout of an activity: have a look, have a bath, have a try.
Note
In this light-verb pattern the noun does the work. Have a look means roughly look, have a bath means bathe, and have carries mainly tense and person. The noun usually comes with a, naming one bout of the activity, so a tantrum or a game is treated as a single, bounded event.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- Have carries grammatical information but also contributes meaning to the construction. jstage.jst.go.jp
- 7Used to say that someone stands in a stated relationship to the subject.
He has a brother in Canada.
Do you have a doctor you trust?
- 8To cause or arrange for someone to do something, or for something to be done or be in a certain state.
We're having the roof fixed next week.
The news will have everyone talking.
UsageWord order is have + object + past participle when someone else does the job: have the roof fixed.
Similarget
Note
The pattern is have, an object and a complement, and it covers more than arranging a service. Had him arrested and have my hair cut mean someone else does the job at the subject's bidding. Had the audience in tears means an event produced a state. Jim has his eyes closed simply reports a state, with no outside agent at all.
Less common meanings
- 9
- 10To be affected by a disease, ailment, or other affliction.
Do you have any allergies?
The old dog has arthritis.
UsageOften with a: have a cold, have a headache, have a fever; but have arthritis, have allergies.
- 11Used before a pronoun to form a tag question that echoes the same verb used earlier, whether auxiliary or main.
They have met him before, haven't they?
You haven't seen my reading glasses anywhere, have you?
UsageA positive statement usually takes a negative tag, and a negative statement a positive tag: she has left, hasn't she? You haven't, have you?
- 12
- 13To obtain or get, usually in the passive.
Cheap rooms can still be had off season.
Tickets were to be had at the door.
UsageMostly in can be had or to be had, with a thing as subject; a person who has been had was tricked.
Similarobtain, get, find, acquire, buy
Note
What can't be had at any price cannot be obtained, and a fortune waiting to be had, as Rob Halford, K. K. Downing and Glenn Tipton wrote in 1982, is there for the taking.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- The words “a fortune waiting to be had” occur in “You've Got Another Thing Comin’.” en.wiktionary.org
- Rob Halford, K. K. Downing and Glenn Tipton are the credited songwriters. en.wikipedia.org
- The lyric dates to 1982. en.wiktionary.org
- 14To be scheduled to attend, undertake or take part in something.
I have an exam tomorrow morning.
They have rehearsals every evening this week.
- 15To play host to someone, receiving them into one's home as a visitor.
It was kind of you to have us for the weekend.
She has her grandchildren every Saturday.
UsageCommon with over: we're having friends over on Saturday.
Similarhost, entertain, accommodate, receive, welcome
- 16To engage in sexual intercourse with someone, used bluntly and often coarsely.
The rumor was that she'd had half the regiment.
He wanted to have her and be gone.
Similarbed
- 17To allow or tolerate something, used in the negative.
Dad wouldn't have any of us out after dark.
She won't have smoking in the house.
UsageLives in the negative: won't have it, wouldn't have you staying out late.
Similarallow, tolerate, permit, accept, stand
Note
Refusal is dressed as possession: what one will not have, one will not allow. It can take a person plus an -ing verb, as in Virginia Woolf's 1922 I won't have you chasing the geese! Not having any of it also expresses disbelief, where the object is a story rather than a behavior.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The quotation occurs in Virginia Woolf’s Jacob’s Room; Mrs. Flanders speaks it to Johnny. en.wikisource.org
- Jacob’s Room was first published in 1922. commons.wikimedia.org
- 18Often in the negative, to believe, accept or be taken in by something.
Nice story, but I'm not having it.
He claimed he had invented the game himself; nobody was having it.
UsageUsually in the progressive (not having it, wasn't having any of it) to reject an excuse or story.
- 19To grasp the meaning of something or comprehend it.
Wait, I don't quite have this yet.
'The thief never left the house!' 'Ah, now I have it,' said the inspector.
Similarunderstand, grasp, get, follow, see
- 20To trick or deceive, often in the passive.
If that watch turns out to be a fake, I've been had.
The moment the contractor vanished with our deposit, we knew we'd been had.
Similarcon, trick, fool, dupe, swindle
Note
The victim is had the way a prize is taken, and the passive carries the rueful discovery: I think I've been had. The noun a have, meaning a con comes from the same idea of deception, through have on.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The noun have, meaning a con or deception, derives from have on in its deception sense. en.wiktionary.org
- 21
- 22
- 23To feel or be aware of a part of the body, especially painfully.
You'll have arms tomorrow after all that digging.
She had a back for a week after moving house.
Note
A wry idiom of the body: a limb nobody notices is suddenly had once it aches. The body part stands bare, with no article or adjective, as in Dan has arms today. The listener is left to infer the soreness, helped along by its cause: scraping paint off four columns the day before.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- The Dan example concerns painful awareness of his arms, with scraping paint off four columns the previous day supplied as the probable cause. en.wiktionary.org
- 24To win and keep a person's or audience's full attention or interest.
Two minutes into her talk, she had the whole room, and nobody touched their phones.
Films like that have you from the opening shot.
UsageYou had me can mean you held my attention or you fooled me; context decides.
Similarhold, grip, hook, captivate, keep
Oppositelose
Note
Attention can be held so completely that the listener seems to belong to the performer. After a Lou Reed concert, Lou Sullivan wrote in his diary that he completely had me.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Lou Sullivan wrote in his diary after seeing Lou Reed that Reed completely had him; the wording includes “he completely had me.” en.wiktionary.org
- 25A wealthy or privileged person, nearly always contrasted with a have-not.
In that town the haves lived on the hill.
Every society has its haves and its have-nots.
Oppositehave-not
Note
Ownership turned into a social category: the noun takes the possessive verb and makes its subject a kind of person.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The social-category noun is derived from the possessive verb have. en.wiktionary.org
- The resulting noun denotes people with wealth, privilege or possessions. en.wiktionary.org
- 26With an adjective or phrase complement, to depict or represent as being a certain way.
The old maps have the river running to the west.
Rumor had them married by Christmas.
Similarshow, depict, portray, represent
Note
A report or account can be the subject: her statement had him at home means the statement placed him there, whatever the truth was. The Guardian used it in 2011 to correct its own earlier version: not Anton Rogers as we had it. That shows the sense at its most practical, since what we had is simply what we said.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 1 fact
- The Guardian used “not Anton Rogers as we had it” in a correction in 2011. en.wiktionary.org
- 27A swindle or deception, or anything that turns out to be misleading.
Fifty dollars for parking? What a have.
Locals warned us the tour was a have.
Similarcon, scam, rip-off, swindle, fraud
Note
A trick turned into a noun, from have on in the sense of deceiving: a have is the swindle or the misleading claim itself. It sits close to being had.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The noun meaning a swindle or deception derives from have on, meaning to deceive. en.wiktionary.org
- 28To be able to speak a particular language.
Few of the younger teachers have Irish good enough to teach in it.
He had a little Spanish from his years working in Madrid.
UsageThe language takes no article and often follows some, a little or no: I have a little Spanish.
Note
In Ireland this is an everyday way to say which languages someone speaks: do you have Irish? Elsewhere it now sounds dated; people usually say they speak or know the language.
- 29Used, often with "here" or "next," to introduce someone or something to an audience or to call the audience's attention to it.
Here we have a letter Lincoln wrote just weeks before the election.
On line two, we have Dave from Ohio with a question about his lawn.
- 30To get the better of someone in a physical fight.
Don't let his size fool you: our Kev could have him with one hand tied behind his back.
Mouthy as he was, he knew the bouncer would have him in a straight fight.
UsageOften with could or would, since the fight is imagined: I could have him.
- 31To punish someone or make them pay for a wrong they have done.
Leave your car on the double yellows again and the council will have you.
He swore that if anyone grassed on him, he'd have them for it.
UsageMostly a threat, with the offense after for: he'll have you for that.
Note
The punisher is often someone in authority, and unlike the fighting meaning no blows need land. When the Buggles re-recorded Video Killed the Radio Star for Top of the Pops, a Musicians' Union man threatened to have them if he caught them faking strings on a synthesizer.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The Buggles rerecorded Video Killed the Radio Star for Top of the Pops; a Musicians’ Union representative threatened them over synthesised strings. theguardian.com
- 32Of a judge or jury, to take up a case for decision once the hearing is over and start deliberating.
- 33In birdwatching, to see a particular kind of bird.
- 34A person who possesses the particular thing being talked about, as opposed to one who lacks it.
Showing meanings only.
Practice
Can you tell the meanings of have apart? Answer 3 quick questions from this page, or write your own sentence and AI will check it.
Origins
Old English habban ("to have") became Middle English haven. It comes from Proto-Germanic *habjaną and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂p-, meaning "to take, seize, catch." Heave is related, and German haben and Dutch hebben are among its many Germanic cognates. Latin habeō is not actually connected. Proto-Indo-European probably had no verb for "have" at all and expressed possession with forms of "be" and the possessor in the dative case.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 8 facts
- Old English habban, meaning “to have,” developed into Middle English haven. en.wiktionary.org
- Have descends from Proto-Germanic *habjaną. en.wiktionary.org
- The ultimate Indo-European root is reconstructed as *keh₂p-, meaning “to take, seize, catch”; *kap- is an alternative reconstruction. en.wiktionary.org
- Heave is etymologically related to have. en.wiktionary.org
- German haben and Dutch hebben are Germanic cognates of have. en.wiktionary.org
- Latin habeō is not etymologically related to English have. en.wiktionary.org
- Proto-Indo-European probably lacked a transitive verb meaning “have.” iris.uniroma1.it
- Proto-Indo-European expressed possession using “be” with a dative possessor. en.wikipedia.org
From the phrase "have on" ("to deceive").
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The noun have, meaning a fraud or deception, derives from have on. en.wiktionary.org
- Have on means to deceive. en.wiktionary.org