go
Pluralgoes
- 1To move to or through a place, said of people, vehicles, or intangible things like news or a mood.
The bad news was going from desk to desk before the manager could announce it.
Rumors go around a small town fast.
UsageUse go to with most destinations: go to work, go to London. Omit to in go home, go there and go abroad.
- 2To apply oneself to, undertake, or intend something.
He went to open the window, but the frame had been painted shut.
Go and get a proper job, his mother said.
UsageCommon in go and + verb (go and get a job) and in be going to for plans.
Note
Intention is expressed as motion here, and this is the root of the future-marking be going to: I'm going to join a sports team. In the past tense it can mark an attempt that fails, as in he went to pick it up, but it rolled out of reach.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- The future construction be going to developed from motion expressing intention. en.wikipedia.org
- 3Of an event or process, to proceed or turn out in a particular way.
The interview went badly from the first question.
How did it go with the new job?
UsageReports how things turned out, with an adverb: how did it go? It went well.
Note
Shakespeare's how goes the night, boy shows the older way of forming the question, without do. Arbuthnot's as the world goes, from 1727, is another fixed frame, meaning judged by ordinary standards.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- The quotation is by Shakespeare, spoken by Banquo in Macbeth, and forms the question without do. internetshakespeare.uvic.ca
- John Arbuthnot used the words as the world goes. en.wiktionary.org
- The Arbuthnot example appears in a work published in 1727. archive.org
- 4
- 5To leave; to move away from where one is.
They went before the speeches started.
It's late, I should go.
UsageI have to go or I must be going is the polite way to say you are leaving.
Similarleave, depart, exit, move
Oppositecome, arrive, stay, remain
Note
Departure needs no destination. Where the plain motion sense asks where, this one simply leaves. Its fixed partner is come, as in coming and going at all hours, and come and arrive are its natural opposites. Spenser's 1596 ygone keeps an old prefixed form of the participle.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 4 facts
- Spenser used the form ygone. gutenberg.org
- The passage containing ygone was first published in 1596, in Book IV of The Faerie Queene. en.wikipedia.org
- Ygone is an obsolete past participle of go. en.wiktionary.org
- The initial y- is an old participial prefix. en.wiktionary.org
- 6To attend, as a member or regularly.
Where did you go to college?
He goes to the same gym as my sister.
UsageRegular attendance often drops the article: go to school, go to church, go to college.
Similarattend
- 7To move into a particular position or state, as in a ranking or a score.
Her late goal meant the team went up 2-1 with five minutes left.
Two more road wins and they'll go to the top of the division standings.
Similarmove
Note
Sports talk uses it for movement in a table or a score. The position often follows the verb directly, with no to: a team goes top of the league, goes level with its rivals, goes up 2-1. Either way, the team changes its position or score without going anywhere at all.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Going up 2-1 describes taking the lead in a match or series; it does not necessarily change a team's position in the standings. uefa.com
- 8To become, followed by an adjective that usually names an unwelcome state.
His hair went gray in a year.
Things can go wrong very fast.
UsageMostly with changes for the worse: go bad, go blind, go wrong.
Similarbecome, get, turn, grow
Note
A linking verb, like become, turn, grow and get, it is followed by an adjective rather than a place. Go straight, said of a criminal who reforms, shows that it can carry a better state too.
- 9
- 10To change from one value or setting to another.
Overnight, the temperature went from 50 degrees to below freezing.
Gas prices can go from cheap to painful in a single week.
UsageThe frame is from ... to: the light went from red to green.
Note
Unlike the "become" meaning, which names only where things end up, this sense usually names both ends, the starting point and the new reading.
- 11
- 12To be given to someone or something, especially by being assigned or allotted.
Half of the profits go to local charities.
The building contract went to a small firm in Ohio.
UsageThe receiver follows to: the prize went to her, half goes to charity.
Note
The recipient follows to, and the giver usually stays offstage: the property shall go to my wife, the award went to Steven Spielberg. Wills, prizes, contracts and budgets are its natural setting, anywhere something is handed out by decision rather than passed by hand.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- Steven Spielberg has received an award; the example specifies no particular award. dga.org
- 13To start or begin an action or process, often as a command.
Ready, set, go!
The whole scheme is ready to go as soon as the money arrives.
UsageAs a signal it stands alone (go!) or waits on a cue: go when I say.
Similarstart (entry), begin, proceed
Oppositestop
Note
The starter's word: the verb shrunk to a one-syllable signal, heard at the end of a countdown or the start of a race. Congreve in 1693 speaks of setting a mill agoing, an older way of putting things in motion. Compare the adjective meaning "ready", where the same readiness becomes a state.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- The historical example is dated 1693, from William Congreve's The Old Batchelour. en.wiktionary.org
- Congreve's play contains the phrase about setting a mill agoing; the character speaking is Setter. gutenberg.org
- 14
- 15
- 16To be in a particular state continuously or habitually.
Workers who go unpaid for months eventually stop showing up.
The billing error went unnoticed for nearly a year.
UsageOften with words of lack: go hungry, go unpaid, go unnoticed.
Note
Nothing changes here, which sets it apart from the "become" meaning. Children who go hungry stay hungry, and the point is how long the state lasts.
- 17
Less common meanings
- 18
- 19
- 20A turn at something, especially in a game.
Whose go is it?
Everyone gets two goes on the swing.
UsageCommon in it's your go and whose go is it?
Note
The noun for a turn, at the game table or the pinball machine: it's your go, let your brother have a go. It answers directly to the verb of taking a turn, where the same moment becomes a command.
- 21To say, aloud or to oneself.
So I go, why would I care?
She opened the box, saw the puppy, and went, "No way, is he ours?"
UsageOften in the present for past events: so I go, "No way!" In formal writing, prefer say or said.
Similarsay
- 22To make a particular sound, usually one imitated in words.
The old radiator goes "clank" every time the heat comes on.
Some car alarms go "whoop-whoop" for ten minutes before they stop.
UsageThe sound word follows directly: cats go "meow", the car went "bang".
Similarsay
Note
Sounds are reported by imitating them: cats go "meow", motorcycles go "vroom". It sits close to the speech-reporting meaning, which quotes words the same way.
- 23
- 24To belong in a particular place, having it as its proper place.
Where do the glasses go?
The comma goes after the verb, not before it.
UsageAsk where does this go? to find where something belongs.
Similarbelong
- 25Chiefly of a machine, to work, run, or function as it should.
The old clock still goes if you wind it.
Give the old mower a few hard pulls and it should go.
UsageIdiom: still going strong, of a machine or a person.
Similarwork, function, run, operate
Note
A machine's verb first: an engine that won't go has stopped working, and a motor that is going is running.
- 26To contribute to a particular end product or result.
Patience and curiosity are the qualities that go to make a great teacher.
Years of night shifts went to make him the surgeon he is today.
UsageCommon in go to make and goes to show: it just goes to show that practice pays.
Note
Older and technical prose also uses go to with a plain noun to count parts in a whole, as when 7,000 grains go to the avoirdupois pound.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 1 fact
- One avoirdupois pound equals 7,000 grains. en.wikipedia.org
- 27To be discarded or gotten rid of.
If the budget is cut again, several programs will have to go.
The stained carpet went in the first week of the remodel.
UsageOften after has to, must or can: this chair has got to go.
Note
The thing being removed is the subject and the person removing it stays unnamed, so the sentence announces a decision without saying who made it.
- 28To be spent or used up, typically on a particular thing.
Most of their budget will go to pay for the new roof.
Half of her paycheck goes toward rent and student loans.
UsageMoney takes on for what it buys (went on food) or toward for a share (goes toward rent).
- 29To be valid or applicable, usually with for before the person or thing concerned.
Library books are due in two weeks, and the same goes for DVDs.
The dress code rules go for managers as well as new hires.
UsageCommon in the same goes for and that goes for you too, referring back to something already said.
- 30To die, usually said gently or briefly.
She went peacefully, with the family around her.
When my time comes, I hope I go quickly.
UsageExpressions such as he's gone and she went peacefully soften the news of a death.
Similardie, pass, perish, expire, succumb
Note
A soft way to speak of death, framing it as a departure. The perfect he's gone is the usual form, from young Blount's cry over his fallen master in Scott's Marmion (1808) to modern speech breaking the news to a family. Kicked off, by contrast, is flippant.
Checked 3 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Walter Scott wrote Marmion. walterscott.lib.ed.ac.uk
- Marmion was first published in 1808. walterscott.lib.ed.ac.uk
- Young Blount says “he’s gone” over his fallen master in Marmion. gutenberg.org
- 31To be sold, often at a stated price.
Houses on this street rarely go for less than a million dollars.
The signed baseball went for $40,000 at auction.
UsageUsually for with the price: it went for $500. In a sale, everything must go means all stock must be sold.
Similarsell
- 32To make a move or play when one's turn comes, especially in a game.
In chess the player with the white pieces always goes first, so take a moment before you make your opening move.
If nobody can go, we shuffle and start again.
UsageCommon in go first and go next: who goes first?
Similarmove
- 33To fit, often with a preposition.
The key won't go in the lock.
Twelve chairs will go around this table.
Similarfit
- 34To fail structurally by giving way, collapsing, or breaking apart.
The old rope finally went under the strain.
One more flood and the levee will go.
UsageOften in a warning: that bridge could go at any moment.
Similarcollapse, crumble, disintegrate
Oppositehold
Note
Said of structures that fail all at once: ceilings, bridges, dams, wiring, roofs. The verb names no manner, so it is vaguer than crumble or disintegrate. That vagueness is the point, because what could go might fail in any way.
- 35To run, or to be expressed or composed in a certain way.
How does the chorus go?
As the saying goes, better late than never.
UsageSet frames: how does it go?, as the saying goes, it goes like this.
Similarrun
Note
Applied to tunes, stories and sayings, it describes how their words or melody run.
- 36Approval or permission to proceed, or the thing approved; a green light.
Is the deal a go or not?
Mission control gave the go for the spacewalk.
UsageComes with a or the: it's a go, give them the go.
Similarapproval, clearance, permission, authorization
Note
Permission turned into a noun, and older than the space age: in Bret Harte's story of 1894 a man asks, "Well, Tom, is it a go?" It usually comes with an article, as in it's a go or give them the go, and its close synonym is green light. The adjective meaning "ready" carries the same clearance, but as a condition something is in rather than a thing someone grants.
Checked 30 Oct 2026 · 3 facts
- The noun meaning permission or approval predates the space age, as demonstrated by the 1894 quotation. nasa.gov
- The cited story is by Bret Harte and was published in 1894: “The Sheriff of Siskyou” appeared in McClure’s Magazine in May 1894. en.wikisource.org
- A male character, Major Overstone, asks Tom, “Well, Tom, is it a go?” gutenberg.org
- 37
- 38Chiefly in military and space use, working correctly and ready to proceed; approved.
The pilot radioed that both engines were running and he was go for takeoff.
The mission is go for launch.
UsageUsed after be, often with for: is go for launch. Also the set phrase all systems are go.
Similarready, operational, functional
Note
John Glenn's report is from 1962, and engineering language used the phrase by 1964. Fiction and play later picked it up, down to a character declaring two loaded BB guns go.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- John Glenn reported that all systems were go in 1962. govinfo.gov
- The expression appeared in engineering language by 1964. en.wiktionary.org
- The expression subsequently appeared in fiction. en.wiktionary.org
- 39Energy and vitality; the power of doing things.
For seventy she has a lot of go.
The team lacked go in the second half.
UsageComes with plenty of, a lot of or no: she has plenty of go.
Similarenergy, vitality, vigour, spirit, zest
Note
Its synonyms run from liveliness and verve to perseverance, so it covers both spark and staying power.
- 40A strategic board game from China in which two players place black and white stones to control the most territory.
Computers took far longer to master go than chess.
She learned go from her grandfather in Seoul.
UsageTakes no article: play go, learn go.
Note
A separate word that only shares the spelling. It comes from Japanese go, a shorter form of igo, which goes back to Chinese wéiqí, literally "encirclement board game". Weiqi and baduk are other names for the same game.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 3 facts
- Go comes from Japanese go, a shortened form of igo. en.wikipedia.org
- Igo derives from Chinese wéiqí, literally meaning encirclement board game. en.wiktionary.org
- Weiqi and baduk name the same game as go. en.wikipedia.org
- 41Used as a command to cheer someone on or to show approval.
Fans packed the stands, yelling "Go, Eagles!" in the final minute.
Ran a marathon at sixty? Go, Grandpa!
UsageFollowed by the person or group being cheered, often after a comma: Go, team! Go, girl!
Note
A cheer, not an order. The imperative is followed by the name or label of the person cheered, set off by a comma (go, girl!), and it can praise something already done as readily as it urges something still to come.
- 42Used after as and a noun to judge one example against what things of its kind are generally like.
The winter was mild, as Chicago winters go.
As far as cheap hotels go, this one is clean and quiet.
UsageUsually as + plural noun + go: cheap, as hotels go. Also as far as hotels go.
Note
A hedge built on as: the judgment holds only against others of the same kind, so the praise or blame is relative.
- 43To offer, bid, or bet a stated amount, or to pay or sell for one.
The buyer said he could go three hundred thousand if we fixed the roof.
At the auction, she went higher than anyone expected.
Note
Bargaining and betting use it with the amount as a bare object: we could go two fifty, I'll go a ten-spot. A second object can name the person being bet against, as in I'll go you a shilling, and as high as I can go marks the limit of an offer.
- 44A single period or spell of activity.
She answered all forty emails in one go before lunch.
The mural was too big for one day, so they finished it in several goes.
UsageMostly in in one go, meaning all at once.
Note
It measures how many sittings a job took rather than how long each lasted: an artist who traced a drawing in two goes stopped once.
- 45A time or experience of a particular kind, often described as tough or rough.
The team had a tough go of it in the early rounds but recovered.
The first winter in the new town was a hard go for the whole family.
UsageSet phrases: have a tough go of it, a rough go.
Similartime
- 46To fall into decline or stop working properly, as a person's sight or mind can with age.
Her hearing began to go in her seventies, though her mind stayed sharp.
The brakes are starting to go, so get them checked before the long drive.
UsageMostly in the -ing form or after start to: my eyesight is going.
Similarfail, deteriorate, decline
Note
The subject is a faculty or a machine, not the whole person: her eyesight, his memory, the brakes. Once the loss is complete, English can use the perfect: his hearing has gone sits closer to the "disappear" meaning.
- 47To be regarded as acceptable, especially in a particular place or situation.
What goes at a backyard barbecue may not go at a formal dinner.
Dress codes are relaxed at the festival, and pretty much anything goes.
UsageMostly anything goes, of a place or event with few rules.
Note
Older English used it of money: John Locke wrote that money should go according to its true value, meaning it should be accepted in payment at what it was really worth.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Older English used go of money, and John Locke wrote that money should go according to its true value. avalon.law.yale.edu
- Locke meant that money should be accepted in payment at its actual worth. avalon.law.yale.edu
- 48To travel to a past or future period, whether actually, in a story, or by imagining it or studying history.
- 49To find one's way through a computer or the internet to a particular location, or to a memory.
- 50To cover a stated distance, or to move in a stated manner.
- 51To take or follow a given route, course, or path.
- 52To make one's way along a road, street, or other route.
- 53To move about on foot.
‘As for that,’ seyde Sir Trystram, ‘I may chose othir to ryde othir to go.’
1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur - 54To take the step of doing something, typically something foolish.
- 55To run or stretch along the length of something.
- 56To act in a certain capacity or take on a duty, especially to stand as surety for someone.
- 57To lean toward an outcome or help show that something is true.
- 58In cricket, of a wicket, to fall when a batter is dismissed.
- 59In sports, to achieve a particular record or set of results, such as a number of wins and losses.
- 60To ring out or sound, as a bell, horn, or alarm does.
- 61To turn to something as a remedy or a way of settling a matter, such as the law or war.
- 62To put oneself to a certain amount of effort, trouble, or expense.
- 63To review or examine something closely, especially in thought.
- 64In pool or snooker, of a ball, to have a clear path into a pocket so that it can be potted.
- 65To be in a romantic relationship with someone.
- 66To have romantic or sexual relationships with people of one particular race, or to start having them.
- 67To get into a fight with someone, often with the fists.
You've shown me his weak points, and I'll go him whether you stick by me or not.
1900, Burt L. Standish, Frank Merriwell's Tricks: Or True Friends and False - 68To launch an assault on someone.
- 69To take a particular share in something, such as an equal half.
- 70To weigh a stated amount or produce a stated quantity.
- 71To enjoy or feel like having something, especially food or drink.
- 72To travel to a named place with the words "to the" left out.
- 73To carry young for a stated length of time during pregnancy.
- 74Movement from one place to another, or departure.
They talk easily together and they hear the come and go of the breeze in the soon to be turning burnt leaves of the high trees.
2009, Mark Raney, David Midgett - 75A turn of events, especially a surprising or awkward one.
“It’s a rum go and no mistake.”
2018, Colin Dexter, Russell Lewis - 76A deed, or the running or functioning of something.
- 77Whatever is most fashionable at a given time.
We are blowing each other out of the market with cheapness; but it is all the go, so we must not be behind the age.
1852, Jane Thomas (née Pinhorn), The London and Paris ladies' magazine of fashion (page 97) - 78Lively, noisy fun and celebration.
- 79A serving of spirits, such as a glass of gin.
“Then, if you value it so highly,” I said, “you can hardly object to stand half a go of brandy for its recovery.”
1868, In a City Bus, in the Eclectic Magazine - 80A single serving or helping of something.
- 81In cribbage, the point in play when someone has no card that keeps the running total at or below 31, and so must pass.
- 82A stylish, fashion-conscious man.
He's a go among the goes, is Mr. Kestrel. He's only got to sport a new kind of topper, or tie his crumpler a new way, and every gentry-cove in town does just the same.
2012, Kate Ross, A Broken Vessel
Showing meanings only.
More uses
- be going toused to talk about the future or about plans, as in it's going to rain
Practice
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Origins
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ("to leave") passed through Proto-Germanic *gāną and Proto-West Germanic into Old English as gān ("to go") and then into Middle English as gon or goon. In the 15th century the original past tense, yode, gave way to went, which came from Old English wendan, meaning "to go, depart, wend." Dutch gaan, German gehen, and Swedish gå are relatives.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 6 facts
- The ancestry runs from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('to leave') through Proto-Germanic and Proto-West Germanic to Old English gān. en.wiktionary.org
- Old English gān meant 'to go' and developed into Middle English gon or goon. en.wiktionary.org
- The inherited past tense yode was replaced by went in the 15th century. en.wiktionary.org
- Went derives from Old English wendan through the verb wend. en.wikipedia.org
- Old English wendan meant 'to go, depart, wend'. en.wiktionary.org
- Dutch gaan, German gehen, and Swedish gå are cognates of English go. en.wiktionary.org
Chinese 圍棋 (wéiqí), literally "encirclement board game," became Japanese 囲碁 (igo), and the shorter Japanese form 碁 (go) is the source of the English name.
Checked 1 Nov 2026 · 2 facts
- Chinese 圍棋 is romanized wéiqí and literally means “encirclement board game.” en.wiktionary.org
- Japanese 囲碁 (igo) derives from Chinese 圍棋, and its shorter form 碁 (go) supplied the English name. en.wikipedia.org